Table 1.

Psoriasis induced by immunotherapy of Nivolumab.

number	sex	age/years old	cancer	latent period/day (s)	subtype of psoriasis	new-onset (N) or exacerbated (E)	family history	treatment	the outcome of psoriasis lesion	continue(C) or discontinue(D) using nivolumab	reported year
1	male	80	melanoma	63	plaque psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment + oral prednisolone	improved	C	2015 [18]
2	male	65	melanoma	21	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral etretinate	improved	C	2016 [19]
3***	male	80	lung cancer	112	plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	N	no	topical treatment + oral prednisone and MTX	improved	D	2016 [20]
4	male	87	melanoma	21	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral prednisolone	improved	D	2016 [21]
5	male	77	melanoma	77	plaque and nail psoriasis	NI	NI	topical treatment + oral retinoids	improved	D	2017 [22]
6	male	80	melanoma	28	plaque psoriasis	NI	NI	topical treatment + oral prednisolone	improved	D	2017 [22]
7	male	64	lung cancer	NE	guttate psoriasis and nail psoriasis	N	yes	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
8	male	72	lung cancer	NE	plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	N	yes	topical treatment + oral prednisone and MTX	improved	C	2017 [23]
9	male	67	lung cancer	16	plaque and pustular palmoplantar psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
10	male	59.2	melanoma	31	plaque and palmoplantar psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
11	male	81	lung cancer	16	plaque and guttate psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
12	male	58.9	melanoma	29	plaque and guttate psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
13	male	67.5	melanoma	50	plaque and guttate psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral acitretin	improved	C	2017 [23]
14	male	61.8	lung cancer	28	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	D	2017 [23]
15	female	59.3	lung cancer	36	plaque and palmoplantar psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [23]
16	male	81.5	lung cancer	98	plaque and guttate psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral acitretin	improved	C	2017 [23]
17	male	65.9	lung cancer	19	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral acitretin	improved	D	2017 [23]
18	male	87	melanoma	21	plaque and guttate psoriasis	E	NI	oral general corticosteroid	improved	D	2017 [23]
19**	male	65	melanoma	21	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral acitretin	improved	C	2017 [23]
20	male	68	lung cancer	28	palmoplantar psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	N	no	topical treatment + oral prednisone and MTX	improved	D	2017 [24]
21	male	66	lung cancer	42	plaque psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment + oral prednisolone	improved	C	2017 [25]
22	male	66	lung cancer	NE	plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	N	NI	NI	improved	C	2017 [25]
23	male	47	lung cancer	154	psoriatic arthritis and nail psoriasis	E	no	topical treatment + inject triamcinolone acetonide, methylprednisolone, and MTX	improved	C	2017 [26]
24***	male	45	metastatic renal cell carcinoma	14	plaque psoriasis	N	NI	topical treatment	NI	D	2017 [27]
25**	male	89	melanoma	14	plaque psoriasis	N	NI	topical treatment	improved	C	2017 [28]
26	male	75	lung cancer	84	plaque psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment	improved	C	2018 [29]
27	male	53	lymphoma	84	plaque psoriasis	N	NI	topical treatment	improved	D	2018 [30]
28***	female	65	melanoma	154	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment	improved	D	2018 [31]
29	male	60	lung cancer	7	plaque psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment + oral steroids	improved	NI	2018 [32]
30	male	58	tongue carcinoma	28	inverse psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment + oral acitretin + phototherapy	improved	D	2018 [33]
31	female	74	lung cancer	180	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	oral apremilast	improved	NI	2019 [34]
32*	male	62	hepatoma	NE	plaque psoriasis	NI	NI	oral etoposide	improved	D	2019 [35]
33	male	64	lung cancer	21	plaque and scalp psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment	clear	D	2019 [36]
34	female	51	lung cancer	35	plaque psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment	improved	C	2020 [37]
35***	male	54	laryngeal carcinoma	11	plaque and nail psoriasis	E	NI	oral acitretin + phototherapy	improved	D	2020 [38]
36	male	59	melanoma	NI	palmoplantar and nail psoriasis	N	no	topical treatment	improved	D	2020 [39]
37	female	71	lung cancer	NI	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	topical treatment + oral acitretin + phototherapy	improved	D	2020 [40]
38	male	66	metastatic renal cell carcinoma	210	palmoplantar psoriasis	N	no	oral retinoids and apremilast	improved	C	2021 [41]
39	female	61	melanoma	14	plaque psoriasis	N	no	oral risankizumab-rzaa	clear	D	2021 [42]
40	male	50	melanoma	150	plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	N	no	oral apremilast	improved	C	2021 [43]
41	male	70	laryngeal carcinoma	14	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	oral apremilast	improved	C	2021 [43]
42**	male	60	lung cancer	7	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	oral apremilast	improved	C	2021 [43]
43**	male	62	melanoma	90	plaque psoriasis	E	NI	oral apremilast	improved	C	2021 [44]
44[this case]	male	56	gastric adenocarcinoma	3	plaque, scalp, palmoplantar, inverse, and nail psoriasis	E	no	topical treatment + oral compound Glycymhizin tablets	improved	C	2021

NI: no information NE: not exactly.

No.32* This is an HIV(+) patient. No19,25,42,43**These four patients died of progression of cancer.

No.3,24,28,35***These four patients discontinued Nivolumab for a few weeks, then restarted it after treatment without exacerbation.