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. 2023 Feb 25;13:71. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02374-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A The model for each comorbidity was adjusted for maternal and paternal education and age at delivery, child’s gender and year of birth, age of the child at evaluation, survey version, race, and annual household income. B In addition to the covariates above, the model for each comorbidity was adjusted for other comorbidities within the same, SPARK-defined disorder domain (domains are demarcated with solid black lines). Blue tiles indicate lower and red tiles higher probability of the diagnosis of the given comorbid condition (y-axis) in individuals with certain environmental exposure (x-axis). Grey tiles indicate the associations that could not be estimated due to insufficient number of exposed individuals with the comorbidity to allow reliable coefficient estimate. ^xp value < 0.05.