Fig. 8.
Histological evaluation of new bone regeneration and vessel formation at week 8 post-implantation for different implants. (A, B) Van Gieson's staining of the newly formed bone (red color). (C–E) Newly formed blood vessels observed by immunofluorescent staining for CD31 and α-SMA. Vascular endothelial cells (CD31), smooth muscle cells (α-SMA), and cell nuclei are stained in red, green, and blue, respectively. Red and green co-staining represents mature blood vessels.