Table 2.
Brain MRI findings (brain MRIs were available for all 32 patients).
| Frequency | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|
| (N = 32 Patients) | ||
| Unavailable brain MRI | 0 | |
| Available MRI | 32 | |
| Normal brain MRI | 0 | 0% |
| Abnormal brain MRI | 32 | 100% |
| Timing of applicable brain MRI | ||
| Early after clinical presentation | 6 | 18.8% |
| During follow-up | 7 | 21.9% |
| Both | 19 | 59.4% |
| Location of lesion(s) | ||
| Periventricular | 25 | 78.1% |
| Juxtacortical | 24 | 75% |
| Cortical | 8 | 25% |
| Brainstem | 19 | 59.4% |
| Cerebellum | 7 | 21.9% |
| Deep white matter | 20 | 62.5% |
| Deep gray nuclei | 14 | 43.8% |
| Optic nerve(s) | 7 | 21.9% |
| Unilateral ON | 3 | 42.9% (Of 7 patients) |
| Bilateral ONs | 4 | 57.1% (Of 7 patients) |
| Long segment (>50% ON length) | 1 | 14.3% (Of 7 patients) |
| Short segment (<50% ON length) | 6 | 85.7% (Of 7 patients) |
| Anterior half of ON | 2 | 33.3% (Of 7 patients) |
| Posterior half of ON | 4 | 66.7% (Of 7 patients) |
| Characteristics of lesion(s) | ||
| Round/oval shaped lesion in T2W | 29 | 0.906 |
| Nodular/punctate lesion in T2W | 7 | 0.219 |
| Confluent high T2W signal lesions | 8 | 0.25 |
| T1W black hole | 20 | 0.625 |
| Dawson’s finger | 20 | 0.625 |
| Atypical pattern | ||
| Tumefactive lesion | 2 | 0.063 |
| Target-like | 2 | 0.063 |
| Maximal diameter of the largest lesion | median (min–max) | median (IQR) |
| median (range) | 18.8 (2.6–63.7) | 18.8 (11.5–32.35) |
| Maximal diameter of the largest lesion | ||
| 1–13 mm | 11 | 34.4% |
| 13.1–26 mm | 8 | 25.0% |
| 26.1–39 mm | 8 | 25.0% |
| 39.1–52 mm | 2 | 6.3% |
| >52 mm | 3 | 9.4% |
| Presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesion | ||
| Not present | 23 | 71.9% |
| Present | 9 | 28.1% |
| Enhancing pattern | (Of 9 patients with enhancing lesion) | |
| Nodular enhancement | 4 | 44.4% |
| Diffuse enhancement | 3 | 33.3% |
| Incomplete ring enhancement | 2 | 22.2% |
| Complete ring enhancement | 1 | 11.1% |
| Total number of lesion(s) in T2W | median (min–max) | median (IQR) |
| median (range) | 22 (1–115) | 22 (4–37) |
| Total number of lesion(s) in T2W | ||
| 1–23 lesion(s) | 16 | 50.0% |
| 24–46 lesions | 12 | 37.5% |
| 47–69 lesions | 1 | 3.1% |
| 70–92 lesions | 1 | 3.1% |
| >92 lesions | 2 | 6.3% |
| Total number of gadolinium-enhancing lesion(s) | median (min–max) | median (IQR) |
| median (range) | 0 (0–11) | 0 (0–1) |
| Total number of gadolinium-enhancing lesion(s) | ||
| None | 23 | 71.9% |
| 1–2 lesion(s) | 5 | 15.6% |
| 3–5 lesions | 3 | 9.4% |
| >5 lesions | 1 | 3.1% |
| Visual assessment of brain volume | ||
| Normal according to his/her age | 26 | 81.3% |
| Atrophy | 4 | 12.5% |
| Swelling | 2 (in patients with tumefactive lesion) | 6.3% |