. 2023 Feb 17;15(4):1010. doi: 10.3390/nu15041010

Table 4.

Anthropometric data and growth velocity in infants fed formula (SF, α-lac-EW or CGMP-RW) * or breast milk (BF) during the intervention, ITT population.

		SF		α-lac-EW		CGMP-RW	p-Value ^{1 (2)}		BF
	n		n		n			n
Weight (g)
2 mo	83	5039 ± 5853³	81	5092 ± 566	80	5162 ± 604	0.41 (0.47)	83	5093 ± 610
3 mo	75	6209 ± 699	77	6232 ± 712	74	6342 ± 715	0.47 (0.48)	80	6022 ± 723
4 mo	72	7067 ± 780 ^a	75	7061 ± 834 ^a	71	7120 ± 847 ^a	0.89 (0.80)	76	6685 ± 888
5 mo	71	7781 ± 834 ^a	73	7691 ± 923 ^a	69	7762 ± 912 ^a	0.82 (0.80)	74	7263 ± 887
6 mo	70	8323 ± 879 ^a	73	8228 ± 1025 ^a	69	8342 ± 1009 ^a	0.76 (0.67)	73	7771 ± 932
Weight gain (g/d)
2–4 mo	72	27 ± 6 ^a	75	27 ± 6 ^a	71	27 ± 6 ^a	0.99 (0.98)	76	23 ± 6
4–6 mo	70	20 ± 5 ^a	73	19 ± 6	69	20 ± 6 ^a	0.17 (0.15)	73	17 ± 5
2–6 mo	70	24 ± 5 ^a	73	23 ± 5 ^a	69	24 ± 5 ^a	0.59 (0.56)	73	20 ± 5
Length (cm)
2 mo	83	56.6 ± 2.2	81	56.7 ± 2.0	80	57.1 ± 1.8	0.13 (0.25)	83	57.2 ± 2.0
3 mo	75	60.7 ± 2.3	77	60.9 ± 2.1	74	61.4 ± 2.0	0.14 (0.15)	80	60.9 ± 2.1
4 mo	72	63.7 ± 2.6	75	63.7 ± 2.2	71	63.9 ± 2.0	0.56 (0.85)	76	63.4 ± 2.3
5 mo	71	66.1 ± 2.5	73	66.0 ± 2.4	69	66.1 ± 2.1	0.98 (0.94)	74	65.7 ± 2.3
6 mo	70	67.9 ± 2.5	73	67.9 ± 2.4	69	67.8 ± 2.3	0.99 (0.98)	73	67.1 ± 2.6
Length gain (cm/mo)
2–4 mo	72	2.9 ± 0.5	75	2.9 ± 0.5 ^a	71	2.9 ± 0.5	0.78 (0.56)	76	2.7 ± 0.5
4–6 mo	70	2.1 ± 0.6 ^a	73	2.1 ± 0.5 ^a	69	2.0 ± 0.4 ^a	0.84 (0.80)	73	1.8 ± 0.5
2–6 mo	70	2.5 ± 0.4 ^a	73	2.5 ± 0.3 ^a	69	2.5 ± 0.3 ^a	0.54 (0.35)	73	2.3 ± 0.3
HC (cm)⁴
2 mo	83	38.7 ± 1.3	81	38.7 ± 1.2	80	38.9 ± 1.2	0.53 (0.35)	83	38.9 ± 1.3
3 mo	75	40.6 ± 1.2	77	40.6 ± 1.3	74	40.8 ± 1.4	0.41 (0.49)	80	40.5 ± 1.3
4 mo	72	41.9 ± 1.2	75	41.8 ± 1.4	71	42.1 ± 1.5	0.27 (0.48)	76	41.6 ± 1.3
5 mo	71	42.9 ± 1.2	73	42.9 ± 1.5	69	43.0 ± 1.5	0.95 (0.90)	74	42.8 ± 1.4
6 mo	70	43.9 ± 1.2	73	43.9 ± 1.6	69	43.9 ± 1.6	0.84 (0.71)	73	43.7 ± 1.5
HC gain (cm/mo)
2–4 mo	72	1.3 ± 0.3	75	1.3 ± 0.3	71	1.3 ± 0.4	0.43 (0.57)	76	1.2 ± 0.3
4–6 mo	70	1.0 ± 0.2	73	1.0 ± 0.5	69	0.9 ± 0.4	0.052 (0.032) ^a	73	1.0 ± 0.3
2–6 mo	70	1.2 ± 0.2	73	1.2 ± 0.2	69	1.1 ± 0.2	0.57 (0.20)	73	1.1 ± 0.2

* SF, standard formula; α-lac-EW, experimental formula with α-lactalbumin-enriched whey; CGMP-RW, experimental formula with reduced CGMP whey. ¹ FF groups compared by one-way ANOVA, post hoc Bonferroni. ⁽²⁾ FF groups compared by one-way ANCOVA, post hoc Bonferroni, adjusted for weight gain during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal and paternal BMI. ³ Mean ± SD (all such values). ⁴ HC = Head circumferences. ^a Significantly different vs. BF (p < 0.05).