Table 4.
Author | Year | Level of Study | Number of Patients in Study | Diagnostic Procedures | Management | Complications |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Londergan TA, Gundersen LH, van Every MJ [55] | 1997 | 4 | 6 | RUG | Fluoroscopic realignment | Procedure: Requiring interval urethrotomy; prostatic abscess. ⅖ (40%) patients had impotence—consistent with other studies. |
Jordan GH, Virasoro R, Eltahaway EA [9] | 2006 | 3 | NA | RUG, endoscopy | Delayed excision with primary anastomosis | Procedure: Abscess, erectile dysfunction, infection |
Dobrowolski ZF, Weglarz W, Jakubik P, et al. [44] | 2002 | 3 | 48 | RUG, voiding cystourethrogram, endoscopy | 25% surgery which included drainage, 75% conservative management | Stricture |
Zhang Y, Zhang K, Fu Q [60] | 2018 | 3 | 1606 | RUG | Urinary diversion, primary repair (endoscopic vs. open realignment) | Infection, stricture |
Park S, McAninch JW [56] | 2004 | 3 | 78 | RUG | Suprapubic urinary diversion, delayed presentation led to urethroplasty | Obstructive symptoms in patients with prior urethral manipulation |
RUG = retrograde urethrogram.