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. 2023 Feb 16;14(2):464. doi: 10.3390/mi14020464

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Creation of simulated calcified plaques. (A): Different material compositions to simulate calcification in the 3D-printed mould. (B): CT image of these materials with measured CT attenuation being 450 HU, 600 HU, 900 HU and 800 HU, corresponding to silicone, silicone + 3% ethiodized oil, silicone + 5% ethiodoized oil and silicone + 32.8% calcium carbonate, respectively. The combination of silicone + 32.8% calcium carbonate was selected to produce 800 HU attenuation, representing highly calcified plaques. Reprinted with permission under the open access from Sun et al. [53].