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Comparisons of HADS scores for participants with and without chronic diseases.
| Diagnosed with Chronic Diseases | No Chronic Diseases | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | t | df | d | |
| Anxiety | 8.16 | 3.845 | 7.13 | 3.887 | 2.061 ** | 279 | 0.257 |
| Depression | 5.92 | 4.147 | 4.95 | 3.488 | 2.006 ** | 279 | 0.264 |
M—mean, SD—standard deviation, t—t-test value, df—degrees of freedom, d—Cohen’s effect size, ** p < 0.05.
