| ISS | Isosinensetin |
| 2-APB | 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-[2H]-tetrazolium bromide |
| TAS2Rs | Bitter taste receptors |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| GPCRs | G-protein-coupled receptors |
| PDE | phosphodiesterase |
| PLCβ2 | phospholipase Cβ2 |
| IP3 | inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate |
| DAG | diacylglycerol |
| DPP-4 | dipeptidyl peptidase-4 |
| BF | Bupleurum falcatum L. |
| DB | denatonium benzoate |