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. 2023 Feb 4;24(4):3074. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043074

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Antibiotic-therapy-induced gut dysbiosis affecting gut-microbiota–brain axis and cognition, and its restoration by probiotics [2,21,86,89,90] QPS—Qualified presumption of safety; CNS—Central nervous system; ND—Neuropsychiatric disorders; NT—Neurotransmitters; SCFA—Short-chain fatty acids; EEC—Entero-epithelial cells.