Figure 4. Cervonyl Carnitine differs in concentration between male and female participants.

The identified metabolite, Cervonyl carnitine, was higher in concentration in (A) all female participants compared to males. Furthermore, this metabolite was higher in (B) females with ligament injuries and (C) meniscal injuries compared to males within the same injury pathology group. Data were initially evaluated using fold change and volcano plot analysis to pinpoint populations of metabolite features to identify, then features were matched to identified metabolites. Mass-to-charge intensities of interest were normalized and used to generate plots. To correct for multiple comparisons, FDR p-value corrections were performed and were less than < 0.05. Unpaired t-tests were performed in Graph Pad Prism. **Indicates p-value < 0.01 and *indicates p-value < 0.05. The colors correspond to male and female participants: pink – females, blue – males.