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. 2023 Feb 14;16(2):298. doi: 10.3390/ph16020298

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Thapsigargin-induced ER stress markers monitoring related to 4-PBA absorption from DMEM. (A,B) UPR analysis following TG and 4-PBA treatment: ATF4 and ATF6 gene expression was evaluated in CHL-1 and A375 cell lines after 24 h, by qPCR analysis. The expression of the ribosomal factor L34 was used as an internal control. Absorption data were determined in CHL-1 and A375 cell lines after 24 h, by LC-HRMS (right histograms). CTRL+ represents medium + 4-PBA not exposed to cells. 4-PBA concentrations are expressed as µM ± SE. Experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times. The histograms represent the mean ± SD; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.