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. 2023 Feb 14;12(4):1520. doi: 10.3390/jcm12041520

Table 3.

Potential risk factors for an invasive fungal infection (n = 224).

Risk Factors All Patients
(n = 224)
No IFI
(n = 198)
IFI
(n = 26)
p-Value Missing Data (n/Total)
Preoperative risk factors
MELD Score > 30 20 (8.9) 16 (8.1) 4 (15.4) 0.263 7/224
Fungal colonization at baseline 15 (6.7) 10 (5.1) 5 (19.2) 0.019 0/224
Anti-infective pretreatment 30 (13.4) 25 (12.6) 5 (19.2) 0.360 0/224
Pretransplant serum creatinine > 2 mg/dL 21 (9.4) 19 (9.6) 2 (7.7) 1.000 0/224
Intraoperative risk factors
Choledochojejunostomy, any time 24 (10.7) 15 (7.6) 9 (34.6) <0.001 1/224
Choledochojejunostomy, primary 15 (6.7) 11 (5.6) 4 (15.4) 0.080 1/224
Transplantation time > 11 h 4 (1.8) 4 (2.0) 0 (0.0) 1.000 2/224
Intraoperative blood transfusion > 40 PRBC 2 (0.9) 1 (0.5) 1 (3.8) 0.220 2/224
Split liver transplantation 6 (2.7) 3 (1.5) 3 (11.5) 0.022 0/224
Donor-derived infection 7 (3.1) 2 (1.0) 5 (19.2) <0.001 0/224
High-urgency transplantation 9 (4.0) 6 (3.0) 3 (11.5) 0.079 0/224
Postoperative risk factors
Bile leak 34 (15.2) 22 (11.2) 12 (46.2) <0.001 1/224
Choledochojejunostomy, secondary 9 (4.0) 4 (2.0) 5 (19.2) 0.001 1/224
Relaparotomy, any reason 77 (34.4) 57 (28.8) 20 (76.9) <0.001 1/224
Relaparotomy, bile leak related 29 (12.9) 19 (9.6) 10 (38.5) <0.001 1/224
Relaparotomy, not bile leak related 48 (21.4) 38 (19.2) 10 (38.5) 0.039 1/224
Early re-transplantation 6 (2.7) 2 (1.0) 4 (15.4) 0.002 0/224
Posttransplant dialysis 99 (44.2) 80 (40.4) 19 (73.1) 0.003 0/224
CMV viremia 64 (28.6) 54 (27.3) 10 (38.5) 0.252 0/224

Abbreviations: IFI: invasive fungal infection; PRBC: packed red blood cells; MELD: model of end-stage liver disease; CMV: cytomegalovirus; RRT: renal replacement therapy.