Table 1.

The characteristics of the included studies.

Author/Years	Study Type	Main Race	Continent	Mean Age	Study Drug	Comparison	QE
Jung 2021 (entire) [11]	RS	Yellow	Asia	56.9	NA	ACEI	6
Jung 2021 (new) [11]	RS	Yellow	Asia	56.5	NA	ACEI	6
Kumar 2021 [12]	RS	Yellow	Asia	49.6	NA	ACEI	5
Lin2020 [13]	RS	Yellow	Asia	58.9	NA	ACEI	8
Moon2020 [14]	RS	Yellow	Asia	NA	NA	CCB	8
Bhaskaran 2012 [15]	RS	White	Europe	64	NA	ACEI	8
Huang 2011 [16]	RS	Yellow	Asia	58.5	NA	non-ARB	5
Rao 2013 [17]	RS	White	America	63	NA	non-ARB	8
wang 2013 [18]	RS	Yellow	Asia	62	NA	non-ARB	7
Tascilar2016 [19]	RS	White	America	62.5	Telmisartan	Other ARBs	7
Pasternak2011 [20]	RS	White	Europe	64.3	NA	ACEI	8
ONTARGET 2008 [21]	RCT	White	America	66.4	Telmisartan	Ramipril	-
TRANSCEND 2008 [22]	RCT	White	America	66.9	Telmisartan	Placebo	-
PRoFESS 2008 [23]	RCT	White	America	66.1	Telmisartan	Placebo	-
ACTIVE 1 2011 [24]	RCT	White	America	69.5	Irbesartan	Placebo	-
I-PRESERVE 2008 [25]	RCT	White	America	72	Irbesartan	Placebo	-
IDNT 2001 [26]	RCT	White	America	59.3	Irbesartan	Placebo	-
Val-HeFT 2001 [27]	RCT	White	America	62.7	Valsartan	Placebo	-
VALIANT 2003 [28]	RCT	White	America	64.8	Valsartan	captopril	-
VALUE 2004 [29]	RCT	White	America	67.3	Valsartan	Amlodipine	-
NAVIGATOR 2010 [30]	RCT	White	America	63.7	Valsartan	Placebo	-
CHARM-Overall 2003 [31]	RCT	White	America	65.9	Candesartan	Placebo	-
TROPHY 2006 [32]	RCT	NA	America	48.5	Candesartan	Placebo	-
DIRECT (all) 2008 [33,34]	RCT	NA	America	NA	Candesartan	Placebo	-
SCOP 2003 [35]	RCT	White	America	76.4	Candesartan	Placebo	-
LIFE 2002 [36]	RCT	White	America	66.9	Losartan	Atenolol	-
Hallas 2012 [37]	CS	White	Europe	NA	NA	non-ARB	6
Azoulay 2012 [38]	CS	White	America	72.4	NA	non-ARB	8
Li 2021 [39]	CS	Yellow	Asia	NA	NA	Non-ARB	8

Abbreviation: RS: retrospective study; RCT: randomized-controlled study; CS: case report. QE: quality evaluation. NA: not acquired.