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. 2023 Feb 7;15(4):847. doi: 10.3390/nu15040847

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of a 12-week dietary intervention with tryptophan on the sleep disturbances measured with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI, (A)) and level of depression measured with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D, (B)) in elderly individuals with mood disorders before (MD_1) and after (MD_2) the intervention. Median with boxes representing I and III quartiles, error bars represent 1.5 times the interquartile distance. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was used to compare before–after groups; n = 40 for MD_1 and n = 38 for MD_2; ***—p < 0.001.