Table 1.
Anthropometric and biochemical variables in healthy young subjects and older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia (D).
| Health | Aging | MCI | Dementia | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 29 | n = 42 | n = 32 | n = 13 | ||
| Biochemical | |||||
| Glucose, mg/dL | 85.3 ± 10.5 | 98.2 ± 14.3 | 116 ± 57.3 | 121 ± 58.6 | 0.01 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 89.9 ± 33 | 150 ± 104 | 143 ± 103 | 150 ± 42 | 0.02 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 167 ± 35.1 | 192 ± 44 | 181 ± 43 | 174 ± 34 | 0.11 |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 31.1 ± 9.7 | 66.2 ± 7.0 | 74.3 ± 7.80 | 68.6 ± 7.0 | 0.0001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 19 (65.5%) | 28 (66.6%) | 16 (50%) | 11 (84.6%) | 0.15 |
| Education, years | 15.2 ± 2.10 | 12.9 ± 4.90 | 11.0 ± 5.18 | 11.5 ± 5.0 | 0.031 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.6 ± 1.72 | 28.2 ± 4.43 | 27.7 ± 4.31 | 25.7 ± 3.8 | 0.001 |
| Body fat mass, % | 29.2 ± 8.4 | 33.2 ± 9.4 | 35.7 ± 8.5 | 45.0 ± 5.9 | 0.03 |
| Visceral fat mass, cm2 | 68.3 ± 18.9 | 118 ± 27.0 | 95.9 ± 24.1 | 130 ± 34.1 | 0.0001 |
| Skeletal muscle mass, kg | 43.8 ± 10.5 | 22.5 ± 6.0 | 21.2 ± 4.5 | 14.6 ± 1.9 | 0.0001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 17 (40.5%) | 15 (46.9%) | 4 (30.8%) | 0.777 | |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 8 (25.0%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0.033 | |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 10 (23.8%) | 10 (31.3%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0.881 | |
| CKD, n (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 1 (3.1%) | 0 | 0.871 | |
| IHD, n (%) | 1 (2.4%) | 3 (9.4%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0.424 | |
| Smoking habit, n (%) | 9 (21.4%) | 9 (28.1%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.671 | |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 8 (19.0%) | 6 (18.8%) | 2 (15.4%) | 0.870 | |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or number of patients (%). One-way ANOVA and chi-square test were used. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; IHD, ischemic heart disease; ApoE, apolipoprotein E; MCI mild cognitive impairment; ND (Not determined).