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. 2023 Feb 11;13(2):508. doi: 10.3390/life13020508

Table 1.

General characteristics of the total group of COVID-19 convalescents and sex subgroups.

Total Group
N = 471
Men
N = 202 (42.89%)
Women
N = 269 (57.11%)
p
Age (years), M ± SD 63.83 ± 9.93 64.21 ± 9.52 63.55 ± 10.23 0.487
BMI at admission (kg/m2), M ± SD 29.69 ± 4.85 29.32 ± 4.24 29.97 ± 5.25 0.174
6MWD (m), M ± SD 373.67 ± 84.24 389.13 ± 77.41 361.97 ± 87.41 <0.001
6MWD % pred (%), M ± SD 76.29 ± 16.31 73.27 ± 14.24 78.57 ± 17.41 <0.001
SpO2 at rest (%), M ± SD 96.74 ± 1.24 96.73 ± 1.19 96.75 ± 1.27 0.521
SpO2 post-exercise (%), M ± SD 97.35 ± 0.83 97.30 ± 0.81 97.39 ± 0.84 0.137
FVC % pred (%), M ± SD 93.16 ± 18.63 88.29 ± 15.81 96.62 ± 19.72 <0.001
FEV1 % pred (%), M ± SD 88.61 ± 18.64 86.72 ± 17.59 89.95 ± 19.28 0.165
FEV1/FVC ratio (%), M ± SD 101.25 ± 12.08 102.34 ± 11.29 100.44 ± 10.52 0.027
LVEF (%), M ± SD 57.31 ± 6.03 56.11 ± 6.94 58.19 ± 5.11 0.033
Time from disease onset (days), M ± SD 191.32 ± 75.69 191.40 ± 77.03 191.26 ± 74.81 0.799
Duration of rehabilitation (days), M ± SD 25.22 ± 7.66 25.18 ± 7.70 25.25 ± 7.65 0.991
Number of symptoms of long COVID-19 syndrome reported by patients, n (%) 4.47 ± 1.19 4.09 ± 1.05 4.74 ± 1.24 <0.001
Stage of the disease, n (%) 0.079
  I 234 (49.68) 89 (44.06) 145 (53.90)
  II 151 (32.06) 67 (33.17) 84 (31.27)
  III 67 (14.23) 36 (17.82) 31 (11.52)
  IV 18 (3.82) 10 (4.95) 8 (2.97)
Ranges of time from disease onset, n (%) 0.845
  12–24 weeks 195 (4545) 86 (46.24) 109 (44.86)
  >24 weeks 234 (54.55) 100 (53.76) 134 (55.14)
Percentage of lung area involved in CT in acute COVID-19 (%) 50.63 ± 22.26 55.44 ± 21.58 45.19 ± 22.90 0.025
Parenchymal changes on control chest X-ray/CT scans, n (%) 300 (63.69) 143 (71.86) 157 (59.92) 0.010

M—mean; SD—standard deviation; BMI—body mass index; COVID-19—coronavirus disease 2019; FVC—forced vital capacity; FEV1—forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred—the predicted value for age and sex; LVEF—left ventricular ejection fraction; 6MWD—the distance in the six-minute walk test; 6MWD % pred–the percentage of predicted distance in the six-minute walk test according to Enright et al. [40]; SpO2—arterial oxygen saturation in pulse oximetry measurements; CT—computed tomography. Significant differences are in bold.