Table 1.
Total Group N = 471 |
Men N = 202 (42.89%) |
Women N = 269 (57.11%) |
p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), M ± SD | 63.83 ± 9.93 | 64.21 ± 9.52 | 63.55 ± 10.23 | 0.487 |
BMI at admission (kg/m2), M ± SD | 29.69 ± 4.85 | 29.32 ± 4.24 | 29.97 ± 5.25 | 0.174 |
6MWD (m), M ± SD | 373.67 ± 84.24 | 389.13 ± 77.41 | 361.97 ± 87.41 | <0.001 |
6MWD % pred (%), M ± SD | 76.29 ± 16.31 | 73.27 ± 14.24 | 78.57 ± 17.41 | <0.001 |
SpO2 at rest (%), M ± SD | 96.74 ± 1.24 | 96.73 ± 1.19 | 96.75 ± 1.27 | 0.521 |
SpO2 post-exercise (%), M ± SD | 97.35 ± 0.83 | 97.30 ± 0.81 | 97.39 ± 0.84 | 0.137 |
FVC % pred (%), M ± SD | 93.16 ± 18.63 | 88.29 ± 15.81 | 96.62 ± 19.72 | <0.001 |
FEV1 % pred (%), M ± SD | 88.61 ± 18.64 | 86.72 ± 17.59 | 89.95 ± 19.28 | 0.165 |
FEV1/FVC ratio (%), M ± SD | 101.25 ± 12.08 | 102.34 ± 11.29 | 100.44 ± 10.52 | 0.027 |
LVEF (%), M ± SD | 57.31 ± 6.03 | 56.11 ± 6.94 | 58.19 ± 5.11 | 0.033 |
Time from disease onset (days), M ± SD | 191.32 ± 75.69 | 191.40 ± 77.03 | 191.26 ± 74.81 | 0.799 |
Duration of rehabilitation (days), M ± SD | 25.22 ± 7.66 | 25.18 ± 7.70 | 25.25 ± 7.65 | 0.991 |
Number of symptoms of long COVID-19 syndrome reported by patients, n (%) | 4.47 ± 1.19 | 4.09 ± 1.05 | 4.74 ± 1.24 | <0.001 |
Stage of the disease, n (%) | 0.079 | |||
I | 234 (49.68) | 89 (44.06) | 145 (53.90) | |
II | 151 (32.06) | 67 (33.17) | 84 (31.27) | |
III | 67 (14.23) | 36 (17.82) | 31 (11.52) | |
IV | 18 (3.82) | 10 (4.95) | 8 (2.97) | |
Ranges of time from disease onset, n (%) | 0.845 | |||
12–24 weeks | 195 (4545) | 86 (46.24) | 109 (44.86) | |
>24 weeks | 234 (54.55) | 100 (53.76) | 134 (55.14) | |
Percentage of lung area involved in CT in acute COVID-19 (%) | 50.63 ± 22.26 | 55.44 ± 21.58 | 45.19 ± 22.90 | 0.025 |
Parenchymal changes on control chest X-ray/CT scans, n (%) | 300 (63.69) | 143 (71.86) | 157 (59.92) | 0.010 |
M—mean; SD—standard deviation; BMI—body mass index; COVID-19—coronavirus disease 2019; FVC—forced vital capacity; FEV1—forced expiratory volume in one second; % pred—the predicted value for age and sex; LVEF—left ventricular ejection fraction; 6MWD—the distance in the six-minute walk test; 6MWD % pred–the percentage of predicted distance in the six-minute walk test according to Enright et al. [40]; SpO2—arterial oxygen saturation in pulse oximetry measurements; CT—computed tomography. Significant differences are in bold.