Table 4.
Types of reactions reported for each drug.
| Immune-Mediated Reactions | Pseudo-Anaphylactic Reactions | Substance Responsible for HSR | Observations | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immediate | Delayed | |||||
| Platinum analogs | Ig-E mediated in most cases. Direct mast cell degranulation in other cases. |
|||||
| Cisplatin | √ | x | x | Chimiotherapeutic agent | [32,33,34] | |
| Carboplatin | √ | √ | √ | Chimiotherapeutic agent | [21,22,26,36,37] | |
| Oxaliplatin | √ | √ | x | Chimiotherapeutic agent | [17,23,28,41,43,46] | |
| Taxanes | Direct mast cell degranulation in most cases. IgE sometimes reported. |
|||||
| Paclitaxel | √ | √ | √ | Both chemotherapeutic agent and solvent (ChremophorEl) | [6,7,20,55,57] | |
| Docetaxel | √(rare) | √ | √ | Both chemotherapeutic agent and solvent (Polysorbate 80) | [58,61,62,63,64] | |
| Cabazitaxel | x | x | √ | Both chemotherapeutic agent and solvent (Polysorbate 80) | [69,70,71,72] | |
| Nab-paclitaxel | √ | x | x | NK | [73,76,78] | |
| L-asparaginase | √ | √ | √ |
Mostly induced by E. coli-derived asparaginase Erwinia 332 asparaginase |
Mostly specific anti-drug antibodies | [6,7,79] |
| Bleomycin | √(rare) | √ | √(rare) | NK | Presumably direct mast cell activation | [83,84,85] |
| Topoisomerase inhibitors | ||||||
| Etoposide/teniposide | x | x | √ | Solvent polysorbate-80 | Direct mast cell activation | [6,87,88] |
| Doxorubicin | √(rare) | x | x | NK | ||
| pegylated liposomal doxorubicin | x | x | √ | surface component of the liposome | Direct complement activation | [7,91,94] |
| Alkylating agents | ||||||
| cyclophosphamide | √(rare) | x | x | metabolites phosphoramide mustard, and acrolein | Presumed IgE-mediated reactions to the two main metabolites | [95,96,97] |
| ifosfamide | √(rare) | x | x | most ifosfamide-related reactions are considered to be due to MESNA | [98,99,100] | |
| Antimetabolites | ||||||
| Citarabine | √(rare) | √(rare) | √ | NK | Infusion reactions are usually described as “flu-like cytarabine syndrome” | [101,102] |
| Monoclonal antibodies | most of the infusion reactions associated coincide with the cytokine-mediated pattern/IgE-mediated reactions also described | |||||
| Rituximab | √(rare) | √(rare) | √ | NK | [103,104,105,106] | |
| Trastuzumab | √(rare) | x | √ | NK | [111,112,113] | |
| Cetuximab | √ | x | √ | galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose, oligosaccharide presents on the cetuximab mouse-derived heavy chain | [115,116,117] | |
√-Yes; x-No.