Table 1.
Operation time and intraoperative blood loss of included comparative clinical studies; 3D = three-dimensional; RCT = randomized controlled trial.
| Author | Study | Indication | Number of Patients (3D: Conventional) | Clinical Application | 3D Group (Mean Operative Time in Minutes; Mean Intraoperative Blood Loss in mL) | Conventional Group (Operative Time in Minutes) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yang et al. [11] | RCT | Elbow fracture | 40 (20:20) | Preoperative planning | 61 35.6 |
82 52.1 |
0.023 <0.001 |
| Chen et al. [12] | RCT | Intraarticular radius fracture | 48 (23:25) | Preoperative planning | 66.5 41.1 |
75.4 54.2 |
<0.001 <0.001 |
| Kong et al. [13] | RCT | Intraarticular radius fracture | 32 (16:16) | Preoperative planning | 51.4 52.3 |
63.5 74.2 |
<0.001 <0.001 |
| Zheng et al. [14] | RCT | Intraarticular humerus fracture | 91 (43:48) | Preoperative planning | 76.6 231.1 |
92.0 278.6 |
<0.0001 <0.0001 |
| Zhang et al. [15] | Retrospective | Cubitus varus deformity | 25 (14:11) | Intraoperative aid | 48.3 35.6 |
73.5 52.1 |
<0.001 <0.001 |
| Yin et al. [16] | RCT | Scaphoid fracture/nonunions | 16 (8:8) | Intraoperative aid | 69.4 | 94.1 | 0.012 |
| Schweizer et al. [17] | Prospective | Scaphoid fracture/nonunions | 22 (9:13) | Intraoperative aid | 118 | 150 | 0.01 |
| Bauer et al. [18] | Retrospective | Forearm malunions | 56 (25:31) | Intraoperative aid | 108 | 140 | <0.05 |