Table 6.
Body composition variables measured by bioelectrical impedance at pre-, during, and post-intervention times in the free diet, Mediterranean diet, and antioxidant-rich diet groups.
| Free Diet (n = 7) | Mediterranean Diet (n = 7) | Antioxidant Diet (n = 7) | Effect Time | Effect Time × Group | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRE | PER | POST | PRE | PER | POST | PRE | PER | POST | F | p | η2p | F | p | η2p | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD |
|
SD | ||||||||||||||||
| FF mass (kg) | 49.5 | 3.4 | 50.4 | 4.6 | 49.4 | 3.4 | 50.8 | 3.4 | 52.3 | 1.7 | 51.2 | 3.1 | 53.4 | 5.8 | 52.0 | 5.0 | 52.3 | 5.5 | 0.193 | 0.82 | 0.015 | 2.993 | 0.037 | 0.315 | |||||||||
| FF dry mass (kg) | 14.0 | 1.4 | 14.3 | 1.5 | 14.1 | 0.9 | 14.5 | 1.5 | 15.2 | 0.7 | 14.8 | 1.4 | 14.4 | 1.4 | 14.8 | 1.0 | 14.6 | 1.2 | 4.439 | 0.02 | 0.255 | 0.253 | 0.905 | 0.037 | |||||||||
| Lean mass (kg) | 47.0 | 3.2 | 47.9 | 4.4 | 46.9 | 3.3 | 48.3 | 3.3 | 49.7 | 1.6 | 48.6 | 3.0 | 50.7 | 5.6 | 49.4 | 4.7 | 49.7 | 5.3 | 0.243 | 0.78 | 0.018 | 2.953 | 0.039 | 0.312 | |||||||||
| Active cell mass (kg) | 29.7 | 2.2 | 30.6 | 3.1 | 29.8 | 1.9 | 30.4 | 2.3 | 31.6 | 1.2 | 30.9 | 2.1 | 31.6 | 3.3 | 31.4 | 2.7 | 31.3 | 3.1 | 2.21 | 0.13 | 0.145 | 1.67 | 0.188 | 0.204 | |||||||||
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 26.5 | 2.2 | 27.4 | 3.2 | 26.6 | 2.2 | 27.4 | 2.2 | 28.1 | 1.3 | 27.5 | 2.1 | 29.1 | 4.0 | 28.1 | 3.3 | 28.3 | 3.7 | 0.274 | 0.76 | 0.021 | 2.532 | 0.065 | 0.280 | |||||||||
| Metabolic protein mass (kg) | 9.0 | 1.6 | 9.3 | 1.2 | 9.1 | 0.6 | 9.3 | 1.3 | 10.0 | 0.6 | 9.7 | 1.2 | 9.1 | 0.9 | 9.7 | 0.7 | 9.4 | 0.8 | 4.774 | 0.01 | 0.269 | 0.185 | 0.944 | 0.028 | |||||||||
| Protein mass (kg) | 10.9 | 1.2 | 11.2 | 1.3 | 11.0 | 0.7 | 11.3 | 1.4 | 12.0 | 0.6 | 11.6 | 1.3 | 11.1 | 1.1 | 11.6 | 0.8 | 11.4 | 1.0 | 4.714 | 0.01 | 0.266 | 0.180 | 0.947 | 0.027 | |||||||||
| MM index | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 0.275 | 0.76 | 0.021 | 2.493 | 0.068 | 0.277 | |||||||||
| Constant hydration FM (%) | 23.9 | 2.5 | 23.2 | 3.0 | 24.3 | 3.2 | 27.8 | 3.4 | 27.3 | 3.0 | 25.6 | 2.1 | 24.5 | 3.3 | 25.4 | 2.7 | 25.3 | 3.5 | 0.263 | 0.77 | 0.020 | 1.131 | 0.364 | 0.148 | |||||||||
| Gross FM (%) | 24.2 | 2.5 | 23.5 | 3.1 | 24.6 | 3.3 | 28.2 | 3.7 | 27.8 | 3.1 | 26.1 | 2.3 | 24.6 | 3.5 | 25.8 | 2.9 | 25.6 | 3.8 | 0.168 | 0.84 | 0.013 | 1.262 | 0.310 | 0.163 | |||||||||
| FF hydration (%) | 70.4 | 1.6 | 70.3 | 0.9 | 70.0 | 0.6 | 69.8 | 1.8 | 69.1 | 0.6 | 69.5 | 1.4 | 71.6 | 1.2 | 69.8 | 1.4 | 70.5 | 1.6 | 3.07 | 0.06 | 0.191 | 1.47 | 0.241 | 0.184 | |||||||||
| Total water (L) | 35.5 | 2.4 | 36.2 | 3.2 | 35.3 | 2.6 | 36.4 | 2.1 | 37.1 | 1.1 | 36.4 | 1.8 | 39.0 | 4.6 | 37.2 | 4.1 | 37.8 | 4.5 | 0.228 | 0.79 | 0.017 | 3.359 | 0.024 | 0.341 | |||||||||
| Bone Mineral Content (kg) | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 0.869 | 0.43 | 0.063 | 2.264 | 0.090 | 0.258 | |||||||||
| Base metabolism (kcal) | 1502 | 69.4 | 1512 | 75.7 | 1503 | 52.9 | 1518 | 77.2 | 1556 | 43.2 | 1542 | 73.5 | 1516 | 73.6 | 1536 | 57.7 | 1525 | 64.6 | 4.256 | 0.02 | 0.247 | 0.248 | 0.908 | 0.037 | |||||||||
| Energy expenditure (kcal) | 2063 | 200 | 1921 | 251 | 1909 | 239 | 1903 | 141 | 1952 | 141 | 1973 | 94.1 | 1959 | 201 | 1928 | 71.6 | 1915 | 78.3 | 1.228 | 0.30 | 0.086 | 0.765 | 0.557 | 0.105 | |||||||||
FF: fat free; FM: fat mass; MM: muscle mass; kg: kilograms; L: liters; : Mean; SD: standard deviation; PRE: before intervention; PER: during intervention; POST: after intervention.