Table 3.
Summary of drugs that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis.
| Generic Name | Brand Name | Company | Approval | CAS Number | Clinical Indications | Molecular Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ceftaroline fosamil acetate (35) | Teflaro | Takeda | 2010 | 229016-73-3 | Osteomyelitis, sepsis, bacteremia Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, pneumonia |
Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Ceftobiprole medocaril (36) | Mabelio | Johnson & Johnson & Roche |
2008 | 376653-43-9 | Bacteremia, neutropenia, pneumonia Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections |
Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Ceftolozane/tazobactam (37, 38) | Zerbaxa | Astellas | 2014 | 1613740-46-7 | Complicated urinary tract infection Complicated intra-abdominal infection |
β-lactamase inhibitor |
| Ceftazidime/avibactam (39, 40) | Avycaz | Sanofi | 2015 | 1393723-27-7 | Complicated urinary tract infection Complicated intra-abdominal infection |
Non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor combination for serious Gram-negative infection |
| Cefiderocol (41) | Fetcroja | Shionogi | 2019 | 1225208-94-5 | Complicated urinary tract infection Pyelonephritis |
Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Ertapenem (42) | Invanz | AstraZeneca | 2001 | 153773-82-1 | Endometritis Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections |
Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Biapenem (43) | Omegacin | Pfizer | 2002 | 120410-24-4 | Sepsis, pneumonia, lung abscess | β-lactamase inhibitor |
| Doripenem (44) | Doribax | Shionogi | 2005 | 148016-81-3 | Bacterial meningitis Fibrosis, pneumonia |
Dehydropeptidase I inhibitor Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Tebipenem pivoxil (45) | Orapenem | Pfizer | 2009 | 161715-24-8 | Gram-negative bacterial infection | Penicillin-binding protein inhibitor |
| Meropenem/vaborbactam (46, 47) |
Vabomere | Novartis | 2017 | 2031124-72-6 | Complicated urinary tract infection | β-lactamase inhibitor |
| Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (48, 49, 50) | Recarbrio | Merck | 2019 | 1174018-99-5 | Complicated urinary tract infection Complicated intra-abdominal infection |
Non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor combination for serious Gram-negative infection |
| Daptomycin (51) | Cubicin | Lilly | 2003 | 103060-53-3 | Staphylococcus aureus-caused bloodstream infection accompanied by infective endocarditis | Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor |