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Effect of metabolic syndrome on kidney outcomes.
| Kidney Outcome | Number of Studies/Participants | Test of Association | Test of Heterogeneity | Publication Bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | I2 (%) | p | t | p | ||
| Rapid eGFR decline | 8/25,403 | 1.31 (1.13–1.51) | 64.16 | 0.007 | 1.78 | 0.126 |
| New-onset CKD | 22/341,955 | 1.47 (1.37–1.58) | 61.69 | <0.001 | 4.15 | 0.001 |
| ESRD | 3/26,445 | 1.55 (1.08–2.22) | 66.56 | 0.084 | 0.14 | 0.910 |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
