| AGO2 | Argonaute 2 |
| AJCC | American Joint Committee on Cancer |
| BRAF | v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B |
| CAFs | Cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| CDKN2A | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A |
| CNV | Copy number variations |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal fluid |
| CSPG4 | Chondroitin sulfate peptidoglycan 4 |
| CTCs | Circulating tumor cells |
| CTLA-4 | Cyto-toxic T-lymphocyteassociated antigen 4 |
| ctmiRNAs | Circulating tumor microRNAs |
| ddPCR | Droplet digital PCR |
| DNAm | DNA methilation |
| EPCAM | Epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| EPISTOP | EPithelialImmunoSPOT |
| EV | Extracellular vesicles |
| FGFR3 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 |
| HNSCC | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
| HMW-MAA | High-molecular-weight melanoma-associated antibody |
| ICIs | Immune checkpoint inhibitors |
| IL-6 and IL-8 | Interleukins 6 and 8 |
| KIT | Receptor tyrosin kinase |
| LB | Liquid biopsy |
| LOH | Loss of heterozygosity |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MIA | Melanoma inhibitory activity |
| ML | Circulating tumor DNA |
| MSI | Microsatellite instability |
| NF1 | Neurofibromin1 |
| NGS | New generation sequencing |
| NRAS | Neuroblastoma RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog |
| OS | Overall survival |
| PD | Progression of disease |
| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein 1 |
| pEV-miRNAs | EVs-associated miRNAs |
| PFS | Progression-free survival |
| PI3K | PhosphatidylInhositol3-kinase |
| PTEN | Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 |
| qRT-PCR | Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| RFS | Relapse-free survival |
| SEC | Size-exclusion chromatography |
| TERT | Telomerase reverse transcriptase |
| TFPI2 | Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 |
| TNM | Metastasis system |
| TYRP2 | Tyrosinase-related protein 2 |