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. 2023 Feb 9;24(4):3518. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043518

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Molecular targets of H₂S pre-treatment in cold and warm IRI. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) pre-treatment regimens may protect against IRI by modifying different molecular targets. SOD: superoxide dismutase; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; IL-10: interleukin-10; ROS: reactive oxygen species; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; IL-6: interleukin-6; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; CAT: catalase; GPx: glutathione peroxidase; GR: glutathione reductase; HO-1: heme oxygenase-1; NQO-1: NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1; ETC: electron transport chain; PGC1-α: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; K⁺_ATP: adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel; Bcl2: B-cell lymphoma-2; ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule-1; Bax: Bcl-2 associated X-protein. H₂S is represented as a ball-and-stick model (sulfur in yellow; hydrogen in white; covalent bonds in grey). Figure created with BioRender.com.