DRG macrophages contribute to promote axon regeneration. (A) Quantification of the density of tdTomato+IBA1 cells with or without BrdU in the DRGs using multiple tracing methods, with or without continues PLX treatment after injury. N (mouse number) = 7 (PLX+CD, 4-wk-old TAM Cx3cr1CreER::Ai14), N = 4 (PLX+PLX, 4-wk-old TAM Cx3cr1CreER::Ai14), N = 5 (PLX+CD, E9.5 TAM Cx3cr1CreER::Ai14), N = 4 (PLX+PLX, E9.5 TAM Cx3cr1CreER::Ai14), N = 5 (PLX+CD, 4-wk-old TAM Fabp7CreER::Ai14) and N = 5 (PLX+PLX, 4-wk-old TAM Fabp7CreER::Ai14). (B) Representative images of sciatic nerve 3 d after SNC immune-stained from IBA1 and mice with the indicated treatment. (Scale bars, 500 μm.) (C) Quantification of the IBA1+ area expression area in the distal stump of regenerating sciatic nerve between treatment groups. N (mouse number) = 11 (CD+CD), N = 7 (PLX+CD) and N = 9 (PLX+PLX), respectively. (D) Representative longitudinal sections of sciatic nerves 3 d after SNC immunostained for SCG10 from mice with the indicated treatment. Dotted line indicates the crush site, determined as the maximal SGC10 intensity. (Scale bars, 500 μm.) (E-G) Length of the 10 longest axons was measured (E) length distinct in 50% regeneration index was measured as the SGC10 intensity in the distance to the crush site normalized to the crush site for 50% (F), regeneration index was measured as the SGC10 intensity normalized to the crush site for a given distance to the crush site (G) between conditions. N (mouse number) = 11 (CD+CD), 7 (PLX+CD) and 9 (PLX+PLX) in female mice, respectively. (H) Scheme of adult DRG neuronal culture in naive, CD or PLX diet-treated mice. (I) Representative images showing TUJ1 (black) immunostaining in adult DRG neurons cultured for 24 h. (Scale bars, 100 μm.) (J and K) Quantification of axonal radial length (J) and axon growth capacity (K). Different colors represent different biological replicates. N (neuron number) = 154 (CD+CD; four biological replicates, naive mice), 460 (CD+CD; six biological replicates, injured mice), 468 (PLX+CD; six biological replicates, injured mice) and 465 (PLX+PLX; six biological replicates, injured mice), respectively. The data are presented as mean ± SD.