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. 2023 Feb 14;24(4):3772. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043772

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Principal molecular factors involved in the role of oxidative stress on osteoclastic and osteoblastic differentiation. Abbreviations: Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor; MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinases; NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa B; NAFATc1, nuclear factor of activated T-cell cytoplasmic 1; TRAF-6, TNF receptor associated factor 6; KLF5, Krüppel-like factor 5; TP53INP2, tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2; mTor, mammalian target of rapamycin; FOXO, forkead proteins; (−) downregulated; (+) upregulated.