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. 2023 Feb 16;24(4):3992. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043992

Figure 5.

Figure 5

c-Fos immunoreaction and gene expression in the VMPO of the hypothalamus in the wild-type and PACAP KO mice after heat exposure (HE). (a) Immunostaining of c-Fos in the VMPO in the wild-type and PACAP KO mice. Schematic drawing from Paxinos and Flanklin’s atlas and representative photomicrographs of coronal sections from the VMPO at 0.3–0.5 mm from the bregma [32]. (b) Quantitative analysis of c-Fos+ cell count in the VMPO (n = 5 of each group). The PACAP KO mice exhibited significantly fewer c-Fos+ cells than the wild-type mice pre-HE (p < 0.05). The number significantly increased in both groups after HE, with no significant difference. (c) c-Fos expression before and after HE. c-Fos expression was significantly lower in PACAP KO mice than in wild-type mice before HE. (d) Adcyap1 was expressed in the VMPO of the wild-type mice and increased after HE. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 (Student’s t-test).