Figure 5.

Expression of adhesion and differentiation-related genes in HGFs adhering on five different titanium surfaces after 24 h of culture. mRNA was extracted from cell pellets, and cDNA levels of VCL (A), FN (B), Col1A1 (C), and ITGB1 (D) were quantified by RT-PCR analysis. Results are expressed as fold changes vs. controls and are means ± SEM of 3 different experiments carried out in duplicate. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. control.