Table 3.
The effects of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) on the vigor of F1 apple hybrids expressed by the cross-sectional area of the trunk and tree height and depending on the vigor of the parent varieties.
| Parents (Vigor) | SCA Effects | GCA Effects | SCA Constancy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parents (Vigor) | |||||
| Strong | Medium | Weak | |||
| Trunk Cross-Sectional Area (cm2) | |||||
| Weak Vigor | |||||
| Strong | −0.1863 | +0.1897 | −0.0034 | −0.4405 °° | −0.0805 |
| Medium | −0.1334 | −0.0563 | −0.0960 | −0.0789 | |
| Weak | +0.0596 | +0.5365 *** | −0.0969 | ||
| Medium Vigor | |||||
| Strong | +0.3447 | +0.2183 | −0.5630 | −0.0812 | +0.0462 |
| Medium | −0.5770 | +0.3587 | +0.5477 ** | −0.0479 | |
| Weak | +0.2043 | −0.4665 °° | +0.0867 | ||
| Strong Vigor | |||||
| Strong | −0.1326 | −0.4201 | +0.5526 * | +0.5202 ** | +0.1311 |
| Medium | +0.7074 | −0.2874 | −0.4403 °° | +0.0197 | |
| Weak | −0.2652 | −0.0799 | +0.0842 | ||
| Height of the Tree (m) | |||||
| Weak Vigor | |||||
| Strong | +0.0211 | +0.1229 | −0.1441 | −0.5632 °° | −0.1101 |
| Medium | +0.0488 | −0.1711 | +0.0304 | −0.1056 | |
| Weak | +0.3158 | +0.5334 ** | −0.1028 | ||
| Medium Vigor | |||||
| Strong | −0.0596 | +0.1198 | −0.0602 | −0.5368 ° | −0.1865 |
| Medium | −0.1609 | +0.0411 | −0.0849 | −0.1874 | |
| Weak | +0.0191 | +0.4519 * | −0.1928 | ||
| Strong Vigor | |||||
| Strong | −0.0019 | −0.1872 | +0.1891 | +1.1199 *** | −0.2038 |
| Medium | +0.0614 | +0.1258 | −0.0963 | −0.2138 | |
| Weak | −0.3149 | −1.0236 °°° | −0.2134 | ||
The significance level symbols used for significant positive values: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001, respectively for significant negative values: ° p < 0.05, °° p < 0.01, and °°° p < 0.001. The classification of genotypes into a particular vigor category based on TCSA or tree height (weak, medium, or strong) was done arbitrarily.