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. 2023 Feb 18;24(4):4122. doi: 10.3390/ijms24044122

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cell apoptosis assay using annexin V–CF Blue/7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). Graphs show the quantification of the percentage of apoptotic cells in PC3, DU145, and LNCaP cells. The results were obtained using flow cytometry assay after Annexin V/7-AAD staining and average percentage of apoptotic cells in (A) PC3, (B) DU145, and (C) LNCaP cells treated with different conformations of AuNPs—spherical (AuNP_sp-PEG), star (AuNP_st-PEG), and rod (AuNP_r-PEG) and irradiated with 3 fraction of 2.5 Gy of RT. The obtained results were compared to the respective control groups with and without IR and are presented as mean ± SD. AuNP_sp-PEG, PEGylated spherical gold nanoparticles; AuNP_st-PEG, PEGylated gold nanostars; AuNP_r-PEG, PEGylated gold nanorods. The significance of the different treatments compared to the control of the respective day are shown as * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.