Expression of leaderless mRNAs in heterologous translation systems. (A) Possible complementarity between the putative db of λ cI mRNA and the putative adb in B. subtilis. Multiple alignments are shown. (B) Alignment of the putative adb sequences of E. coli, L. lactis, and S. solfataricus (27, 29, 37). (C) Translation of equimolar amounts of λ cI and r1t rro mRNA in the in vitro translation system derived from S. solfataricus. Samples from the reaction mixtures were analyzed on an SDS–12% polyacrylamide gel. Lane 1, no mRNA added; lanes 2 and 3, translation of λ cI mRNA and rro mRNA, respectively.