Figure 4.

MAG inhibition of PEDV replication in vitro. (A) Vero cells were infected with PEDV for 2 h, after which the inoculum was removed and fresh maintenance medium containing 30 μM MAG was added. Supernatants were collected 36 hpi, and virus titers (TCID₅₀) and PEDV mRNA levels were determined. Vehicle controls consisted of DMSO at a final concentration of 0.015%. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM of the three independent experiments (* p ˂ 0.05). (B) Vero cells were treated with 30 μM MAG for 1 h and then infected with PEDV DR13^att. The inoculum was removed after 2 h incubation and fresh maintenance medium containing 30 μM MAG was added. Vero cells were fixed and subjected to immunofluorescence staining using anti-PEDV M polyclonal antibody 24 hpi. Red arrow indicates the rear immunofluorescence staining of PEDV M protein (green) in MAG+PEDV treated cells.