Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Author | Year | Design | Country | N° of Participants |
Age | Sex (M/F) | Diagnostic Method for Mpox | HIV and Mpox Coinfection | Previous STIs | Sexual Behavior |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpalhão M, et al. [12] | 2022 | Case series | Portugal | 42 | HIV: 37.7 ± 9.2 a | M (n = 42) | NR | 22 | NR | MSM (n = 37) |
| Without-HIV: 32.5 ± 8.1 a | ||||||||||
| Antironi A, et al. [13] | 2022 | Case reports | Italy | 4 | Median: 30 | M (n = 4) | RT-PCR | 2 | Syphilis (n = 3), HBV (n = 1), HCV (n = 1) |
MSM (n = 4) |
| Boesecke C, et al. [15] | 2022 | Case report | Germany | 1 | 40 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis | NR |
| Bížová B, et al. [14] | 2022 | Case report | Czech Republic | 1 | 34 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis | MSM (n = 1) |
| Brites C, et al. [16] | 2022 | Case reports | Brazil | 2 | 37 31 |
M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 2) |
| Brundu M, et al. [17] | 2022 | Case report | Italy | 1 | 35 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 1) |
| Catála A, et al. [18] | 2022 | Cohort study | Spain | 185 | 38.7 ± 8.2 a | M (n = 185) | RT-PCR | 78 | Yes (n = 140) * | MSM (n = 184) |
| Curran KG, et al. [19] | 2022 | Cohort study | USA | 1969 | 35 (30–42) b | M (n = 1466) F (n = 10) |
RT-PCR | 755 | Gonorrhea (n = 546), Chlamydia (n = 489), and Syphilis (n = 165) | NR |
| de Baetselier I, et al. [20] | 2022 | Cases series | Belgium | 4 | Range: 30–50 | M (n = 4) | RT-PCR | 3 | Yes (n = 3) * | MSM (n = 3) |
| de Sousa D, et al. [21] | 2022 | Case report | Portugal | 1 | 24 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | No | MSM (n = 1) |
| Perez-Duque M, et al. [53] | 2022 | Cases series | Portugal | 27 | 33 (22–51) c | M (n = 27) | RT-PCR | 14 | NR | MSM (n = 18) |
| Gandrakota N, et al. [22] | 2022 | Case report | USA | 1 | 34 | Male-to-Female transgender (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Neurosyphilis | MSM (n = 1) |
| Gedela K, et al. [23] | 2022 | Cases series | UK | 2 | Range: 30–40 | M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 1 | HSV (n = 2), and Chlamydia (n = 1) | MSM (n = 2) |
| Girometti N, et al. [24] | 2022 | Cohort study | UK | 54 | 41 (34–45) b | M (n = 54) | RT-PCR | 13 | Syphilis (n = 14), HSV (n = 24) and Gonorrhea (n = 13) | MSM (n = 54) |
| Gomez-Garberi M, et al. [25] | 2022 | Cases series | Spain | 14 | 42 (20–56) c | M (n = 14) | RT-PCR | 8 | Chlamydia (n = 2) Syphilis (n = 1), Gonorrhea (n = 1), Mycoplasma, HSV-2 (n = 1) | MSM (n = 10) |
| Hammerschlag Y, et al. [26] | 2022 | Case report | Australia | 1 | 30 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis (n = 1) | MSM (n = 1) |
| Heskin J, et al. [29] | 2022 | Case reports | UK | 2 | NR | M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 1 | Negative | MSM (n = 2) |
| Hermanussen L, et al. [27] | 2022 | Case series | Germany | 3 | 44 (31–54) c | M (n = 3) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis (n = 1) | MSM (n = 2) |
| Hernandez LE, et al. [28] | 2022 | Case report | USA | 1 | 37 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis (n = 1) | NR |
| Hoffman C, et al. [31] | 2022 | Cohort study | Germany | 546 | 39 (20–69) c | M (n = 546) | RT-PCR | 256 | Yes (n = 286) * | MSM (n = 546) |
| Hoffmann C, et al. [30] | 2022 | Cohort study | Germany | 301 | 39 (20–64) c | M (n = 301) | RT-PCR | 141 | Yes (n = 177) * | MSM (n = 301) |
| Huang S, et al. [32] | 2022 | Case report | Taiwan | 1 | 24 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 1) |
| Iñigo-Martínez J, et al. [33] | 2022 | Case series | Spain | 508 | 35 (18–67) c | M (n = 503) F (n = 5) |
RT-PCR | 225 | NR | MSM (n = 397) |
| Lapa D, et al. [34] | 2022 | Case report | Italy | 1 | 39 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 1) |
| Loconsole D, et al. [35] | 2022 | Case series | Italy | 10 | 36 (25–71) c | M (n = 8) F (n = 2) |
RT-PCR | 4 | NR | MSM (n = 6), heterosexual intercourse (n = 3) |
| Mailhe M, et al. [36] | 2022 | Cohort study | France | 264 | 35 (30–41) b | M (n = 262) F (n = 1) Trans (n = 1) |
RT-PCR | 73 | Yes (n = 209) * | MSM (n = 245) |
| Matias WR, et al. [37] | 2022 | Cases series | USA | 3 | 20 (20–40) c | M (n = 3) | RT-PCR | 1 | Gonococcal urethritis (n = 1) | MSM (n = 3) |
| Rodrigues Menezes Y, et al. [38] | 2022 | Case report | Brazil | 1 | 41 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 1) |
| Mileto D, et al. [39] | 2022 | Case report | Italy | 1 | 33 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | No | NR |
| Moschese D, et al. [40] | 2022 | Case series | Italy | 32 | 38 (34–42) b | M (n = 32) | RT-PCR | 17 | NR | MSM (n = 32) |
| Noe S, et al. [41] | 2022 | Case report | Germany | 2 | 26 32 |
M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 2) |
| Nolasco S, et al. [42] | 2022 | Case report | Spain | 1 | 36 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis | MSM (n = 1) |
| Norz D, et al. [43] | 2022 | Cohort study | Germany | 10 | Range: 20–50 | M (n = 16) | RT-PCR | 2 | NR | MSM (n = 16) |
| Ogoina D, et al. [44] | 2020 | Cohort study | Nigeria | 40 | 32 (28–54) c | M (n = 31) F (n = 9) |
RT-PCR and IgM serology |
9 | NR | NR |
| Ogoina D, et al. [45] | 2018 | Case series | Nigeria | 21 | 29 (6–45) c | M (n = 17) F (n = 4) |
RT-PCR and IgM serology |
2 | Syphilis (n = 2/8) | NR |
| Ogoina D, et al. [46] | 2022 | Case series | Nigeria | 16 | 28 (22–43) c | M (n = 12) F (n = 6) |
RT-PCR and IgM serology | 3 | Yes (n = 4) * | Heterosexual intercourse (n = 16) |
| Oprea C, et al. [47] | 2022 | Case report | Romania | 1 | 26 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | No | MSM (n = 1) |
| Oprea C, et al. [48] | 2022 | Case report | Romania | 1 | 30 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis (n = 1) | MSM (n = 1) |
| Orviz E, et al. [49] | 2022 | Descriptive | Spain | 48 | 35 (29–44) b | M (n = 48) | RT-PCR | 19 | Gonorrhea (n = 6), Syphilis (n = 4)), and Mycoplasma genitalium (n = 1) | MSM (n = 42) |
| Paparizos V, et al. [50] | 2022 | Case report | Greece | 1 | 59 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | No | MSM (n = 1) |
| Patel A, et al. [51] | 2022 | Descriptive | UK | 197 | 38 (32–42) b | M (n = 197) |
RT-PCR | 70 | Gonorrhea (n = 43/161), Chlamydia (n = 13/161), Syphilis (n = 6/163), and HSV (n = 11/157) |
MSM (n = 197) |
| Patrocinio-Jesus R, et al. [52] | 2022 | Case report | Portugal | 1 | 31 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | No | MSM(n = 1) |
| Pfäfflin F, et al. [54] | 2022 | Cases series | Germany | 6 | Range: 21–50 | M (n = 6) | RT-PCR | 2 | Gonorrhea (n = 3) and Syphilis (n = 1) | MSM (n = 6) |
| Philpott F, et al. [55] | 2022 | Descriptive | USA | 1195 | 35 (30–41) b | M (n = 1178) F (n = 5) Transgender man (n = 3) Transgender woman (n = 5) |
RT-PCR | 490 | NR | MSM (n = 337) |
| Pisano L, et al. [57] | 2022 | Case report | Italy | 1 | 45 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | NR | MSM (n = 1) |
| Pipitò L, et al. [56] | 2022 | Case reports | Italy | 2 | 45 69 |
M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 2 | Syphilis (n = 2), Gonorrhea (n = 1), and HCV (n = 1) | MSM (n = 2) |
| Quattri E, et al. [58] | 2022 | Case reports | Italy | 2 | 35 29 |
M (n = 2) | RT-PCR | 1 | Syphilis (n = 2) and Gonorrhea (n = 1) | MSM (n = 2) |
| Raccagni AR, et al. [59] | 2022 | Cases series | Italy | 36 | 41.5 (31.25–35.5) b | M (n = 36) | RT-PCR | 15 | Yes (n = 4) * | MSM (n = 36) |
| Tarin-Vicente EJ, et al. [60] | 2022 | Cohort study | Spain | 181 | 37 (31–42) b | M (n = 175) F (n = 6) |
RT-PCR | 72 | Syphilis (n = 13) and Chlamydia (n = 10) | MSM (n = 166) and MSW (n = 15) |
| Thornhill JP, et al. [61] | 2022 | Cases series | 16 countries | 528 | 38 (18–68) c | M (n = 527) Trans (n = 1) |
RT-PCR | 218 | Gonorrhea (n = 32/377), Chlamydia (n = 20/377), Syphilis (n = 33/377), HSV (n = 3/377), Lympho-granuloma venereum (n = 2/377), Chlamydia and Gonorrhea (n = 5/377) |
Heterosexual (n = 9) Homosexual (n = 509) Bisexual (n = 10) |
| Vusirikala A, et al. [62] | 2022 | Descriptive | UK | 45 | 40 (32–43) b | M (n = 45) | RT-PCR | 11 | Yes (n = 27) * | MSM (n = 45) |
| Yakubovsky M, et al. [63] | 2022 | Descriptive | Israel | 26 | 34 (24–53) c | M (n = 26) | RT-PCR | 7 | Gonorrhea (n = 3) and C. trachomatis (n = 3) | MSM (n = 26) |
| Zlámal M, et al. [64] | 2022 | Case report | Czech Republic | 1 | 38 | M (n = 1) | RT-PCR | 1 | HSV, Syphilis, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and HCV | MSM (n = 1) |
Mpox: Monkeypox; UK: United Kingdom; USA: United States of America; MSM: men who have sex with men; STI: sexually transmitted infection; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HBV: hepatitis B virus, HCV: hepatitis C virus, HSV: herpes simplex virus, RT-PCR: Polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcriptase; M/F: Male/Female; NR: No report. a Media ± SD. b Median (IQR). c Median (Range). * NS: Not Specified.