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. 2023 Feb 16;20(4):3523. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043523

Table 3.

Linear regression analyses examining child exposure as assessed by hair nicotine (log hair nicotine) and by usual location of smoking.

n, Model R2 Least Squared Mean/Beta [SE] p-Value
Model 3 (Bivariable, controlling for batch) 141, 0.32
Location 0.46
GYO a −2.27
Balcony −2.49
Indoors −2.11
Batch Range:−0.63,−3.86 <0.001
Model 4 (Multivariable) 115, 0.43 Location 0.87
GYO a −2.42
LSM Balcony −2.56
LSM Indoors −2.41
Batch Range: −5.06–−0.78 <0.001
Child Age (months) −0.008 [0.006] 0.21
Child Sex 0.22
Girl −2.63
Boy −2.29
Parental Combined CPD b 0.03 [0.016] 0.04
Parental Smokers 0.30
Both parents smoke −2.31
One parent smokes −2.62
Parental Nationality 0.47
Both Israeli born −2.36
Not both Israeli born −2.57
Maternal Education c 0.42
Not Academic −2.59
Academic −2.34
Paternal Education c 0.002
Not academic −1.97
Academic −2.96
Monthly household income 0.67
Average or below average −2.53
Above average −2.40
Neighborhood SES 0.004 [0.045] 0.92

a GYO: garden, Yard, or other places outside of the home. b CPD: cigarettes smoked per day. c Academic: With at least some university education, versus without any university education.