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. 2023 Feb 15;12(2):321. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12020321

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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T cells’ response in comorbid patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is a disproportionate ratio of Th1/Th2 cells as well as lower populations of Th2 cells in asthmatic patients following SARS-CoV-2 infection. CD4 T lymphopenia is observed in hypertensive patients with SARS-CoV-2. Surface markers such as PD-1, HLA-DR, and CD38 are highly expressed while CD27 and CD28 are lightly expressed in CD8 T cells. In addition, there is a reduction in CD8 T cells and an elevation in CD4 T cells with cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNγ, and TGFβ in diabetic patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.