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Schematic illustration of the Taylor cone formation as the high voltage increases. (A) Without the electric field, the pendant droplet is spherical in shape. (B) Localized charges are induced by the electrical force and elongate the droplet. (C) The formation of the Taylor cone occurs when the surface tension is balanced by the localized charges. (D) Ejection of the charged polymer jet from the Taylor cone due to the additional increase of the high voltage.
