. 2023 Jan 24;10(2):87. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10020087

Table 7.

Effects of the dietary treatments on the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) histology of suckling pigs (24 days old).

Items	Dietary Treatments				SEM	p-Value
Items	AGP	NAGP	HKL1	HKL2	SEM	p-Value
Suckling phase (24 days old)
Duodenum
Villus height, µm	300.13	278.27	275.57	347.00	28.96	0.363
Crypt depth, µm	118.50	112.14	101.37	137.37	10.69	0.197
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	2.67	2.48	2.94	2.54	0.40	0.885
Villus area, mm²	20.43	21.38	19.91	28.64	2.65	0.178
Jejunum
Villus height, µm	293.82	270.91	262.52	227.71	32.62	0.610
Crypt depth, µm	121.88	108.92	106.99	109.91	12.82	0.876
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	2.45	2.56	2.45	2.07	0.26	0.602
Villus area, mm²	21.93	18.45	20.28	14.88	3.56	0.629
Ileum
Villus height, µm	210.61	159.16	257.26	198.46	25.79	0.120
Crypt depth, µm	111.29	88.57	120.83	96.55	11.51	0.263
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	2.00	1.78	2.16	2.22	0.33	0.827
Villus area, mm²	13.07	10.72	21.35	11.24	3.09	0.222
Starter phase (73 days old)
Duodenum
Villus height, µm	265.52	286.05	272.43	250.12	18.79	0.620
Crypt depth, µm	136.25	130.52	125.55	127.55	9.77	0.882
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	1.96	2.20	2.20	2.00	0.14	0.510
Villus area, mm²	21.97	22.94	27.30	22.80	3.21	0.740
Jejunum
Villus height, µm	322.31	317.52	318.96	289.37	19.18	0.622
Crypt depth, µm	125.76	127.56	125.55	133.87	11.89	0.958
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	2.62	2.61	2.69	2.19	0.28	0.598
Villus area, mm²	27.13	24.24	27.10	22.95	1.54	0.228
Ileum
Villus height, µm	223.02	249.66	245.43	228.44	20.53	0.765
Crypt depth, µm	108.62	118.15	113.67	112.98	10.70	0.940
Villus height/crypt depth ratio	2.11	2.12	2.20	2.06	0.17	0.959
Villus area, mm²	16.40	19.00	16.93	16.28	2.1	0.784

AGP = basal feeds supplemented with antibiotics as a growth promoter (amoxicillin and colistin) at 300 ppm from the suckling phase to the grower phase; NAGP = basal feeds without AGP or any feed additive from the suckling to the finisher phases; HKL1 = basal feeds supplemented with HK L-137 at 20, 20, 20, 0, 0, and 0 ppm; and HKL2 = basal feeds supplemented with HK L-137 at 20, 20, 4, 4, 4, and 0 ppm during the suckling phase, weaner phase, starter phase, grower phase, finisher 1 phase, and finisher 2 phase, respectively.