Table 3.
Symptom assessment scale scores for patients with the condition: (a) spondylosis; (b) Parkinson’s disease; (c) chronic pain syndrome; (d) neuropathic pain and peripheral neuropathy; (e) migraine; (f) multiple sclerosis.
| Spondylosis a | Pain | Fatigue | Bowel Problems | Difficulty Sleeping | Mood | Quality of Life | ||||||||||||
|
p-Value,
F (DFn, DFd) |
0.0001, F (2.3, 35) = 11 |
0.0039, F (2.0, 31) = 6.7 |
0.0260, F (1.8, 28) = 4.3 |
0.0037, F (1.7, 26) = 7.5 |
0.0192, F (2.0, 30) = 4.5 |
0.3216, F (2.9, 43) = 1.2 |
||||||||||||
| Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of Diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 22) |
8.5 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 4.7 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 24) |
6.8 | 0.0001 | 0.92 to 2.6 | 6.1 | 0.1431 | −0.22 to 1.9 | 3.8 | 0.1635 | −0.44 to 3.2 | 4.3 | 0.0079 | 0.39 to 2.7 | 4.4 | 0.0292 | 0.13 to 2.7 | 5.1 | 0.7412 | −1.5 to 0.75 |
|
6 months
(n = 16) |
6.4 | 0.0005 | 1.1 to 3.2 | 4.8 | 0.0039 | 0.72 to 3.5 | 3.5 | 0.2181 | −0.80 to 4.2 | 3.7 | 0.0016 | 0.88 to 3.4 | 4.2 | 0.0295 | 0.16 to 3.1 | 5.7 | 0.3092 | −2.7 to 0.68 |
|
9 months
(n = 11) |
5.8 | 0.0044 | 1.1 to 4.4 | 5.5 | 0.1269 | −0.38 to 3.1 | 3.4 | 0.2046 | −0.91 to 4.6 | 4 | 0.0075 | 0.59 to 3.1 | 5.5 | 0.9243 | −1.7 to 2.5 | 4.7 | >0.9999 | −1.8 to 1.8 |
| Parkinson’s disease b | Pain | Fatigue | Bowel problems | Difficulty sleeping | Mood | Quality of life | ||||||||||||
|
p-Value,
F (DFn, DFd) |
0.0068, F (3.4, 49) = 4.3 |
0.0005, F (2.9, 40) = 7.4 |
0.2521, F (2.1, 30) = 1.4 |
0.0002, F (1.6, 22) = 15 |
0.1228, F (2.3, 32) = 2.2 |
0.2160, F (2.5, 34) = 1.6 |
||||||||||||
| Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 21) |
6.7 | 7.5 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 5.4 | 4.4 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 20) |
4.4 | 0.0039 | 0.71 to 3.9 | 4.7 | 0.0002 | 1.4 to 4.4 | 3.1 | 0.0615 | −0.068 to 3.5 | 3.3 | <0.0001 | 1.8 to 4.4 | 3.7 | 0.0214 | 0.23 to 3.2 | 4.9 | 0.5842 | −1.7 to 0.65 |
|
6 months
(n = 16) |
4.8 | 0.0793 | −0.19 to 4.0 | 5.4 | 0.0161 | 0.38 to 3.9 | 3.7 | 0.6584 | −1.6 to 3.8 | 3.3 | 0.0001 | 1.7 to 4.4 | 3.9 | 0.0707 | −0.11 to 3.1 | 5.7 | 0.1724 | −3.1 to 0.46 |
|
9 months
(n = 15) |
5.1 | 0.0917 | −0.22 to 3.4 | 5 | 0.0067 | 0.73 to 4.4 | 3.3 | 0.1953 | −0.59 to 3.6 | 3.4 | 0.0007 | 1.4 to 4.5 | 3.7 | 0.0791 | −0.17 to 3.5 | 5.4 | 0.3543 | −2.9 to 0.78 |
|
12 months
(n = 12) |
4.9 | 0.1614 | −0.58 to 4.1 | 4.3 | 0.0092 | 0.85 to 5.6 | 3.9 | 0.5466 | −1.1 to 2.9 | 3.3 | 0.0235 | 0.42 to 5.8 | 3.8 | 0.1499 | −0.48 to 3.7 | 4.6 | 0.9954 | −2.7 to 2.2 |
| Chronic pain syndrome c | Pain | Fatigue | Bowel problems | Difficulty sleeping | Mood | Quality of life | ||||||||||||
|
p-Value,
F (DFn, DFd) |
0.0012, F (2.1, 23) = 8.8 |
0.0362, F (1.7, 19) = 4.2 |
0.7399, F (2.4, 26) = 0.36 |
0.0128, F (2.6, 29) = 4.6 |
0.0013, F (2.5, 27) = 7.5 |
0.1453, F (2.2, 22) = 2.1 |
||||||||||||
| Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 16) |
9.1 | 7.1 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 3.7 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 19) |
6.8 | 0.0052 | 0.67 to 3.9 | 5.3 | 0.2321 | −0.80 to 4.3 | 4.3 | 0.8853 | −2.4 to 4.1 | 3.4 | 0.0015 | 1.2 to 4.9 | 3.9 | 0.01 | 0.50 to 3.9 | 5.1 | 0.0293 | −2.6 to −0.13 |
|
6 months
(n = 11) |
7.1 | 0.043 | 0.063 to 3.8 | 6.5 | 0.6122 | −0.94 to 2.2 | 4.5 | 0.94 | −2.6 to 3.9 | 5.4 | 0.582 | −1.5 to 3.7 | 4.2 | 0.1026 | −0.39 to 4.2 | 4 | 0.9957 | −2.7 to 2.2 |
|
9 months
(n = 11) |
5.9 | 0.0031 | 1.3 to 5.0 | 4.2 | 0.0147 | 0.67 to 5.1 | 4.5 | 0.9323 | −2.4 to 3.6 | 3.7 | 0.1257 | −0.74 to 6.2 | 4 | 0.1444 | −0.70 to 4.9 | 5.2 | 0.2037 | −3.8 to 0.83 |
|
12 months
(n = 10) |
7.8 | 0.0348 | 0.11 to 2.5 | 6.1 | 0.6067 | −1.7 to 3.7 | 5.3 | 0.9998 | −4.3 to 4.0 | 4.6 | 0.5133 | −2.5 to 6.2 | 7.6 | 0.4838 | −4.7 to 1.8 | 4 | 0.9806 | −2.1 to 1.6 |
|
Neuropathic
pain/peripheral neuropathy d |
Pain | Fatigue | Bowel problems | Difficulty sleeping | Mood | Quality of life | ||||||||||||
|
p-Value,
F (DFn, DFd) |
<0.0001, F (2.5, 27) = 14 |
0.0326, F (2.5, 26) = 3.6 |
0.0563, F (2.6, 29) = 2.9 |
0.0046, F (2.2, 24) = 6.4 |
0.5335, F (2.0, 22) = 0.65 |
0.0771, F (2.7, 29) = 2.6 |
||||||||||||
| Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 17) |
8.8 | 6.6 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 4.6 | 4.2 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 18) |
6.2 | <0.0001 | 1.5 to 3.8 | 4.5 | 0.1047 | −0.35 to 4.5 | 3 | 0.0273 | 0.14 to 2.7 | 4.1 | 0.0014 | 1.1 to 4.4 | 3.9 | 0.7809 | −1.4 to 2.8 | 5.4 | 0.0353 | −2.4 to −0.073 |
|
6 months
(n = 12) |
5.2 | <0.0001 | 2.2 to 5.1 | 5 | 0.153 | −0.53 to 3.8 | 3 | 0.422 | −1.3 to 4.1 | 4.3 | 0.0073 | 0.74 to 4.4 | 4.2 | 0.9828 | −2.1 to 2.8 | 5.7 | 0.096 | −3.4 to 0.25 |
|
9 months
(n = 9) |
6.1 | 0.0038 | 1.1 to 4.4 | 4.4 | 0.209 | −1.3 to 5.7 | 2.3 | 0.3018 | −1.5 to 5.7 | 4.5 | 0.0616 | −0.12 to 4.8 | 4.2 | 0.943 | −1.9 to 2.7 | 5.2 | 0.3717 | −3.0 to 0.94 |
|
12 months
(n = 10) |
6.2 | 0.008 | 0.79 to 4.5 | 4.1 | 0.0949 | −0.48 to 5.6 | 2.7 | 0.2241 | −0.90 to 4.4 | 5 | 0.1147 | −0.43 to 4.2 | 3.1 | 0.1474 | −0.49 to 3.6 | 5.3 | 0.4064 | −3.2 to 1.0 |
| Migraine e | Pain | Fatigue | Bowel problems | Difficulty sleeping | Mood | Quality of life | ||||||||||||
|
p-Value,
F (DFn, DFd) |
0.2182, F (1.7, 19) = 1.7 |
0.0144, F (2.0, 23) = 5.1 |
0.1243, F (2.3, 27) = 2.2 |
0.0171, F (2.4, 27) = 4.4 |
0.2191, F (1.7, 18) = 1.7 |
0.1138, F (2.0, 20) = 2.4 |
||||||||||||
| Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Mean | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 17) |
7.9 | 6.9 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 18) |
7.2 | 0.7377 | −1.4 to 2.7 | 5.8 | 0.0287 | 0.12 to 2.2 | 3.4 | 0.4631 | −0.97 to 2.8 | 4.2 | 0.0536 | −0.030 to 4.4 | 4.8 | 0.2354 | −0.46 to 2.3 | 4.6 | 0.3831 | −2.4 to 0.72 |
|
6 months
(n = 12) |
6.9 | 0.1592 | −0.33 to 2.3 | 5.5 | 0.0424 | 0.049 to 2.8 | 3 | 0.418 | −1.3 to 4.0 | 3.9 | 0.0606 | −0.11 to 5.1 | 5.3 | 0.909 | −1.9 to 2.8 | 4.8 | 0.2834 | −2.7 to 0.68 |
|
9 months
(n = 9) |
6.4 | 0.2864 | −1.0 to 3.9 | 5.8 | 0.3116 | −0.85 to 3.1 | 4.1 | 0.9874 | −2.8 to 3.3 | 4.3 | 0.1356 | −0.64 to 4.9 | 4.3 | 0.546 | −2.0 to 4.8 | 4.2 | 0.9356 | −2.8 to 2.0 |
| Multiple sclerosis f | Pain | Fatigue | Bowel problems | Difficulty sleeping | Mood | Quality of life | ||||||||||||
| Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | Median | p-Value | 95% CI of diff. | |
|
Baseline
(n = 10) |
9 | 9.5 | 3 | 7.5 | 7 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||
|
3 months
(n = 10) |
6.3 | 0.0859 | −3.0 to 0.0 | 6 | 0.0039 | −6.0 to −1.0 | 2.5 | 0.4609 | −5.0 to 1.0 | 4.3 | 0.0039 | −5.5 to −1.0 | 5 | 0.0195 | −5.0 to 0.50 | 5 | 0.0508 | 0.0 to 3.0 |
Analysis was possible to 9 a,e and 12 b–d months. Bolded, italicized, and highlighted means are statistically significant compared to baseline at p < 0.05 level as analyzed by Dunnett’s test. f Analysis was possible to 3 months. Bolded, italicized, and highlighted medians are statistically significant compared to baseline at p < 0.05 level as analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Abbreviations: CI, Confidence interval; DFn, degree of freedom for the numerator of the F ratio; DFd, degree of freedom for the denominator of the F ratio; Diff., difference.