Table 2.
Available Cd contents in untreated and treated soils with Cd and/or nanoparticles and pH after each treatment.
| Soil + Cd Added Content (mg kg−1) + NPs | Available Cd (mg kg−1) | pH(H2O) |
|---|---|---|
| Control soil (untreated) | nd | 5.75 ± 0.10 f |
| Soil + Cd (1) | 0.50 ± 0.08 b | 6.08 ± 0.03 d |
| Soil + Cd (3) | 1.60 ± 0.20 a | 5.94 ± 0.02 e |
| Soil + HANPs | nd | 6.32 ± 0.14 c |
| Soil + Cd (1) + HANPs | <0.01 e | 6.32 ± 0.16 c |
| Soil + Cd (3) + HANPs | 0.05 ± 0.01 d | 6.42 ± 0.01 c |
| Soil + MNPs | nd | 6.01 ± 0.12 d |
| Soil + Cd (1) + MNPs | 0.03 ± 0.02 d | 6.05 ± 0.14 d,e |
| Soil + Cd (3) + MNPs | 0.13 ± 0.06 c | 6.12 ± 0.12 d |
| Soil + FeNPs | nd | 6.50 ± 0.24 c |
| Soil + Cd (1) + FeNPs | <0.01 e | 6.92 ± 0.06 b |
| Soil + Cd (3) + FeNPs | 0.03 ± 0.02 d | 7.22 ± 0.08 a |
NPs: Nanoparticles, HANPs: Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, MNPs: Maghemite nanoparticles, FeNPs: Zero-valent iron nanoparticles. Values with different letters differ significantly among treatments (p < 0.05). nd: not detected.