| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| BMI | body mass index |
| COPD | chronic obstructive lung disease |
| COVID-19 | coronavirus disease 2019 |
| HIV/AIDS | human immunodeficiency virus/acute immunodeficiency syndrome |
| LMICs | low- and middle-income countries |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 |
| SPO2 | saturation of peripheral oxygen |
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