Table 5.
Hazard ratios of cancer mortality by quartiles of dietary flavonoid intake.
| Flavonoid Intake Quartiles | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1Q | 2Q | p for 1Q vs. 2Q | 3Q | p for 1Q vs. 3Q | 4Q | p for 1Q vs. 4Q | HR (95%CI) | p for Trend | |
| Total flavonoid (mg/day) | ≦24.31 | 24.31–64.05 | 64.05–217.38 | >217.38 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 1.15 (0.71, 1.88) | 0.57 | 0.76 (0.47, 1.22) | 0.26 | 0.74 (0.49, 1.11) | 0.14 | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) | 0.03 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.97 (0.61, 1.55) | 0.91 | 0.54 (0.33, 0.89) | 0.02 | 0.60 (0.40, 0.91) | 0.03 | 0.81 (0.71, 0.92) | <0.01 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 1.16 (0.74, 1.81) | 0.52 | 0.73 (0.45, 1.17) | 0.19 | 0.76 (0.48, 1.20) | 0.24 | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | 0.10 |
| Total flavones (mg/day) | ≦0.18 | 0.18–0.51 | 0.51–1.09 | >1.09 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.52 (0.33, 0.82) | 0.01 | 0.67 (0.45, 0.97) | 0.04 | 0.79 (0.52, 1.21) | 0.28 | 0.95 (0.81, 1.11) | 0.52 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.46 (0.28, 0.74) | 0.001 | 0.58 (0.39, 0.86) | 0.01 | 0.69 (0.46, 1.05) | 0.08 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.07) | 0.26 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.48 (0.26, 0.87) | 0.02 | 0.72 (0.47, 1.10) | 0.12 | 1.02 (0.62, 1.67) | 0.94 | 1.04 (0.88, 1.24) | 0.63 |
| Total anthocyanidins (mg/day) | ≦0.11 | 0.11–2.02 | 2.02–10.78 | >10.78 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.89 (0.57, 1.39) | 0.60 | 0.91 (0.60, 1.37) | 0.64 | 0.72 (0.44, 1.19) | 0.20 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.06) | 0.22 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.74 (0.47, 1.18) | 0.21 | 0.65 (0.42, 1.02) | 0.06 | 0.46 (0.27, 0.79) | <0.01 | 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) | <0.01 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.86 (0.49, 1.50) | 0.60 | 0.82 (0.48, 1.39) | 0.46 | 0.63 (0.32, 1.23) | 0.18 | 0.87 (0.71, 1.06) | 0.17 |
| Total flavanones (mg/day) | ≦0.06 | 0.06–0.61 | 0.61–18.93 | >18.93 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.90 (0.59, 1.36) | 0.61 | 0.79 (0.50, 1.25) | 0.319 | 1.01 (0.68, 1.50) | 0.97 | 0.99 (0.86, 1.14) | 0.90 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.89 (0.58, 1.36) | 0.58 | 0.72 (0.46, 1.14) | 0.16 | 0.74 (0.48, 1.12) | 0.16 | 0.89 (0.78, 1.03) | 0.13 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 1.23 (0.73, 2.07) | 0.44 | 1.06 (0.66, 1.73) | 0.80 | 1.02 (0.65, 1.59) | 0.93 | 0.99 (0.86, 1.13) | 0.88 |
| Total flavonol (mg/day) | ≦6.82 | 6.82–12.56 | 12.56–22.11 | >22.11 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.60 (0.41, 0.88) | 0.01 | 0.63 (0.39, 1.05) | 0.08 | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83) | 0.01 | 0.83 (0.70, 0.97) | 0.02 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.56 (0.39, 0.79) | 0.001 | 0.59 (0.37, 0.93) | 0.03 | 0.51 (0.33, 0.81) | <0.01 | 0.82 (0.69, 0.96) | 0.02 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.58 (0.36, 0.91) | 0.02 | 0.55 (0.31, 0.96) | 0.04 | 0.54 (0.30, 0.99) | 0.05 | 0.82 (0.67, 1.02) | 0.08 |
| Total Flavan–3–ols (mg/day) | ≦4.92 | 4.92–15.43 | 15.43–154.30 | >154.30 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.88 (0.60, 1.30) | 0.53 | 0.90 (0.56, 1.46) | 0.68 | 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) | 0.11 | 0.90 (0.79, 1.03) | 0.13 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.71 (0.48, 1.05) | 0.09 | 0.66 (0.42, 1.03) | 0.07 | 0.57 (0.38, 0.86) | 0.01 | 0.84 (0.73, 0.96) | 0.01 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.82 (0.53, 1.27) | 0.38 | 0.79 (0.48, 1.31) | 0.36 | 0.68 (0.42, 1.12) | 0.13 | 0.89 (0.76, 1.04) | 0.15 |
| Subtotal Catechins (mg/day) | ≦4.78 | 4.78–14.49 | 14.49–63.83 | >63.83 | |||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.89 (0.60, 1.32) | 0.55 | 0.83 (0.51, 1.36) | 0.46 | 0.74 (0.49, 1.11) | 0.14 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.03) | 0.14 |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.71 (0.47, 1.07) | 0.10 | 0.61 (0.39, 0.97) | 0.04 | 0.59 (0.39, 0.88) | 0.011 | 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) | 0.01 |
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.81 (0.51, 1.28) | 0.36 | 0.72 (0.43, 1.21) | 0.21 | 0.71 (0.44, 1.16) | 0.18 | 0.90 (0.76, 1.06) | 0.19 |
| Total isoflavones (mg/day) | ≦0.01 | >0.01 | |||||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | 1 | 0.74 (0.57, 0.97) | 0.03 | ||||||
| Model 2 (adjusted for age, ethnicity, and gender) | 1 | 0.81 (0.61, 1.09) | 0.16 | ||||||
| Model 3 (multivariate) | 1 | 0.93 (0.64, 1.35) | 0.70 | ||||||