Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for DCM patients with LVRR absent and LVRR present.
| Overall | LVRR Absent | LVRR Present | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 375 | 240 | 135 | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age(years) | 47 [34, 57] | 48 [35, 58] | 44 [32, 55] | 0.073 |
| Female (%) | 79 (21.1) | 52 (21.7) | 27 (20.0) | 0.804 |
| Heart rate (b.p.m) | 84 [72, 96] | 82 [70, 94] | 85 [77, 98] | 0.023 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 113 [102, 124] | 110 [100, 121] | 116 [105, 130] | 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 72 [66, 80] | 70 [65, 80] | 76 [70, 85] | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 [22.1, 28.1] | 24.5 [21.7, 27.3] | 26.0 [23.2, 29.2] | 0.002 |
| T2DM (%) | 66 (17.6) | 51 (21.2) | 15 (11.1) | 0.020 |
| Hypertension (%) | 124 (33.1) | 64 (26.7) | 60 (44.4) | 0.001 |
| NYHA Class III/IV (%) | 297 (79.2) | 196 (81.7) | 101 (74.8) | 0.151 |
| Smoking (%) | 123 (49.4) | 81 (51.6) | 42 (45.7) | 0.439 |
| Length of stay (days) | 10 [8, 13] | 11 [8, 14] | 10 [8, 13] | 0.153 |
| Electrocardiography | ||||
| QRS duration (ms) | 107 [95, 126] | 110 [98, 128] | 101 [92, 115.2] | 0.001 |
| PR interval (ms) | 174 [160, 192] | 174 [158, 192] | 176 [161, 190] | 0.913 |
| QTc interval (ms) | 457 [430, 486] | 457 [431, 486] | 456 [427, 478] | 0.298 |
| AF (%) | 87 (23.2) | 60 (25.0) | 27 (20.0) | 0.330 |
| LBBB (%) | 36 (9.6) | 26 (10.8) | 10 (7.4) | 0.369 |
| NSVT (%) | 88 (23.5) | 66 (27.5) | 22 (16.3) | 0.020 |
| Laboratory Test | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 150.0 [137.2, 162.0] | 148.0 [137.0, 159.0] | 153.0 [139.5, 167.0] | 0.010 |
| WBC (109/L) | 7.4 [6.2, 8.9] | 7.2 [6.2, 8.9] | 7.6 [6.3, 9.1] | 0.330 |
| K (mmol/L) | 4.0 [3.7, 4.2] | 4.0 [3.7, 4.2] | 4.0 [3.7, 4.2] | 0.996 |
| Na (mmol/L) | 138.0 [135.4, 140.0] | 137.3 [134.9, 139.9] | 139.0 [136.4, 140.9] | 0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.1 [4.6, 5.7] | 5.1 [4.6, 5.8] | 5.0 [4.6, 5.5] | 0.299 |
| Hemoglobin A1C (%) | 6.1 [5.6, 6.7] | 6.2 [5.7, 6.9] | 6.0 [5.6, 6.5] | 0.039 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.7 [2.1, 3.4] | 2.6 [2.0, 3.3] | 2.9 [2.2, 3.4] | 0.028 |
| Scr (umol/L) | 89.4 [75.5, 106.2] | 89.4 [75.6, 103.8] | 89.4 [75.5, 108.0] | 0.974 |
| Big ET-1 (pmol/L) | 0.72 [0.41, 1.02] | 0.77 [0.52, 1.08] | 0.61 [0.30, 0.94] | <0.001 |
| NT-Pro BNP (pg/mL) | 1922.9 [897.4, 4021.5] | 2041.9 [1078.5, 4297.5] | 1570.0 [745.3, 3265.0] | 0.009 |
| Echocardiography | ||||
| LAD (mm) | 45 [41, 50] | 46 [41, 51] | 44 [40, 48] | 0.002 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 68 [63, 74] | 69 [63, 75] | 66 [62, 72] | 0.021 |
| LVEF (%) | 29 [24, 35] | 28 [24, 35] | 30 [25, 34] | 0.236 |
| RVD (mm) | 25 [22, 28] | 25 [22, 29] | 24 [22, 28] | 0.199 |
| Therapy | ||||
| Digoxin (%) | 324 (86.4) | 208 (86.7) | 116 (85.9) | 0.965 |
| ACEI/ARB (%) | 305 (81.3) | 184 (76.7) | 121 (89.6) | 0.003 |
| β-blocker (%) | 366 (97.6) | 232 (96.7) | 134 (99.3) | 0.221 |
| MRA (%) | 364 (97.1) | 231 (96.2) | 133 (98.5) | 0.352 |
| Diuretics (%) | 307 (81.9) | 197 (82.1) | 110 (81.5) | 0.996 |
Values are shown as median [interquartile range] or as frequencies [percentage]; DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy; LVSD: left ventricular systolic dysfunction; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; NYHA, New York Heart Association; AF: atrial fibrillation; LBBB: left bundle branch block; NSVT: Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; WBC: white blood cell; LDL-C: low density cholesterol; Scr: serum creatine; Big ET-1: Big endothelin-1; NT-Pro BNP: N-terminal Pro Brain natriuretic peptide; LAD: left atrial diameter; LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; RVD: right ventricular diameter; ACEI: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: Angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.