Table 6.

Biological complications and presence of smokers in the study groups. the inclusion criteria regarding smoking are reported with the number of smoking patients and the number of failed implants in smokers, in addition the number of biological complications such as failed osseointegration and the presence of peri-implantitis are reported (¹ the term heavy smokers is reported by Lopez in his study without quantitatively specifying the number of cigarettes, \ data not reported).

First Autor, Data	Type of Study	Exclusion Criteria Adopted in Relation to Cigarette Smoking	Number Patient	Number Implant	Number of Smoking Patients	Number of Failed Implants in Smokers	Biological Complications
							Failures Due to Lack of Osseointegration (within 6 Months)	Peri-Implant Pathology, Periimplantitis
Ciabattoni et al., 2017 [16];	Prospective	more than 10 cigarettes/day	32	285	\	\	5	\
Derksen et al., 2019 [17]	Prospective	smokers were not excluded	66	145	\	1	1	\
Lopes et al., 2015 [22]	Prospective	smokers were not excluded	23	92	2 (heavy smokers) 1	\	2	2 peri-implant pathology
Marra et al., 2013 [18]	Prospective	smokers were not excluded	30	312	\	\	3	1 implant lost after 2 years (periimplantitis)
Meloni et al., 2010 [15]	Retrospective	smokers were not excluded	15	90	5 (3 patients smoked up to 10 cigarettes a day, 2 smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day)	\	2	2 periimplantitis
Polizzi and Cantoni, 2015 [14]	Retrospective	Smoker patients (≤20 cigarettes/day) were not excluded	27	160	\	2	2	24 implants in 3 patients (periimplantitis)
Pozzi et al., 2012 [19]	Prospective	more than 10 cigarettes/day	27	81	\	\	3	\
Vogl et al., 2015 [20]	Prospective	more than 10 cigarettes/day	20	52	\	\	0	3 mucositis
Yamada et al., 2015 [21]	Prospective	smokers were not excluded	48	278	13	4	4	\