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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Surface topography of the titanium (Ti) discs. Images generated by scanning electron micrography of polished Ti ((A), Ti-Control) and nanostructured Ti ((B), Ti-Nano). Scale bar (A,B): 200 nm. Original magnification: 100,000×.