Table 2.
AlHV-1- and other Macavirus-specific genes, encoded proteins, and known functions in WD-MCF.
| AlHV-1 | OvHV-2 | % id. a | BoHV-6 | % id. a | SuHV3 | % id. a | Protein b | Description c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | - | - | - | - | ||||
| A2 | Ov2 | 56 | Bov2 | 30 | - | - | bZIP protein | Presence of a “leucine zipper” domain, a possible transcription factor, non-essential for WD-MCF induction in rabbits [103] |
| - | Ov2.5 | - | Bov2.5 | - | - | - | viral IL-10 | Stimulates mast cell proliferation and inhibits IL-8 production by macrophages [104] |
| A3 | Ov3 | 50 | - | - | - | - | viral sema7A | Secreted, binds to plexin C1 and inhibits dendritic cell migration, non-essential for WD-MCF induction in rabbits [105,106] |
| - | Ov3.5 | - | - | - | - | - | Unknown | Signal peptide |
| A4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | SaHV-2 STP homolog | Unknown |
| A4.5 | Ov4.5 | 50 | Bov4.5 | 35 | - | - | viral Bcl-2 | Putative anti-apoptotic function |
| A5 | Ov5 | 49 | Bov5 | 41 | - | - | vGPCR | Inhibits CREB signaling pathway, non-essential for WD-MCF induction in rabbits [107] |
| A6 | Ov6 | 28 | Bov6 | - | A6/BZLF1 | 33.9 | bZIP protein (Zta homolog) |
Presence of a “leucine zipper” domain, a possible transcription factor |
| A7 | Ov7 | 60 | Bov7 | 35 | A7/BZLF2 | 32.0 | EBV gp42 homolog | Virus glycoprotein, essential for WD-MCF induction in rabbits [26] |
| A8 | Ov8 | 41 | Bov8 | 25 | A8/BLLF1 | 25.3 | EBV gp350/220 homolog | Virus glycoprotein, essential for WD-MCF induction in rabbits [26] |
| - | Ov8.25 | - | - | - | - | - | Targets mitochondria | Putative role in caspase-dependent apoptosis and necrosis [108] |
| A9 | Ov9 | 50 | Bov9 | 27 | - | - | viral Bcl-2 | Putative anti-apoptotic function |
| A9.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | viral IL-4-like | Encodes a secreted glycoprotein [109] |
| A10 | Ov10 | 22 | - | - | - | - | SaHV-2 Tip homolog | Putative oncogene |
a Information about the proteins that are encoded by specific genes and functions in WD-MCF. b Identification based on sequence homology or positional homology. bZIP: basic leucine zip; STP: STP oncoprotein of SaHV-2; IL-10: interleukin 10; sema7A: Semaphorin 7A; Bcl-2: B cell lymphoma 2, anti-apoptotic protein; GPCR: G-protein coupled receptor; gp: glycoprotein; gp42 and gp350/220: EBV envelope glycoproteins. IL-4: interleukin 4; Tip: Tip oncoprotein of SaHV-2. c Description of known function. Role in WD-MCF pathogenesis relates to studies using recombinant viruses generated with the AlHV-1 BAC clone.