Table 1.

Paired comparison of kidney histopathologic lesions.

Group	Placebo-after Placebo (n = 10)	GM + Placebo-after Placebo (n = 10)	GM + Placebo-after SES (n = 10)	GM + SES-after SES (n = 11)	GM + SES-after Placebo (n = 12)
Tubular injury (%)
IQM	0.00	2.5	0.00	0.00	0.00
Q1–Q3	0–0	0–25	0–0	0–0	0–0
Min–max value p-value, comparison	0–0	0–25	0–10	0–0	0–0
vs. placebo alone	NA	0.000 *	0.003 *	1.00	1.00
vs. GM alone	0.000 *	NA	0.104	0.000 *	0.000 *
Interstitial fibrosis (%)
IQM	0.00	4.00	6.50	0.00	0.00
Q1–Q3	0–0	0–10	0–15	0–0	0–0
Min–max value p-value, comparison	0–0	0–25	0–20	0–5	0–0
vs. placebo alone	NA	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.063	1.00
vs. GM alone	0.000 *	NA	0.872	0.000 *	0.000 *
Interstitial infiltrate of inflammatory cells (%)
IQM	5.50	10	13.50	13.33	10.23
Q1–Q3	5–10	5–15	10–15	8.75–15	10–15
Min–max value p-value, comparison	0–10	5–25	5–20	5–20	0–30
vs. placebo alone	NA	0.000 *	0.000 *	0–000 *	0.000 *
vs. GM alone	0.000 *	NA	0.017 *	0.036 *	0.601
	Total percentage of renal cortex tissue altered histopathologically
IQM	5.5	23.0	21.5	13.3	10.2
Q1–Q3	5–10	5–40	15–30	6.3–18.8	10–15
Min–max value p-value, comparison	0–10	5–40	5–40	5–25	5–30
vs. placebo alone	NA	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
vs. GM alone	0.000 *	NA	0.945	0.009 *	0.005 *

NA: Does not apply, GM: gentamicin, SES: neutral electrolyzed saline, IQM: interquartile mean, Q1: 25th percentile, Q3: 75th percentile, Min–max: smallest and largest values in the data set. (%): Renal histopathologic lesions were calculated as the percentage of the total area observed under the microscope. Total percentage of renal cortex tissue altered histopathologically: result of the sum of percentages of tubular injury, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammatory infiltrate in the renal cortex. Comparisons were made with the Mann–Whitney U test. * Value of statistical significance: p < 0.05.