Table 2.
Respiratory infectious diseases transmitted during the post-earthquake period in earthquake-affected areas.
| Earthquake Occurrence (DD/MM/YYYY) |
Earthquake Affected Area |
Infectious Diseases (Causative Factors–Cases, Outbreaks, Epidemics) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17/01/1994 | Northridge California, United States |
Outbreak of coccidioidomycosis (Coccidiodes immitis), 203 cases (including 3 deaths) | [68] |
| Outbreak of coccidioidomycosis (C. immitis) | [69] | ||
| 17/01/1995 | Kobe, Japan | Increase in the number of patients with respiratory diseases by 4.5 times | [80] |
| 21/09/1999 | Chi-Chi, Taiwan |
Acute respiratory infections | [81] |
| Upper respiratory tract infection | [82] | ||
| 13/01/2001 | El Salvador | Upper respiratory infections (30%) | [70] |
| Respiratory infections | [71] | ||
| 26/12/2003 | Bam, Iran | Respiratory infections (6.86% of the total population within 1 month) | [84] |
| Respiratory tract infections | [83] | ||
| 08/10/2005 | Kashmir, Pakistan |
Viral upper respiratory tract infection (23%) | [87] |
| 12/05/2008 | Sichuan, China | Increase of tuberculosis cases in hospitals of the affected area | [101] |
| 30/09/2009 | Sumatra, Indonesia |
Respiratory infections | [88] |
| 12/01/2010 | Haiti | Acute respiratory infection (16.3%) | [72] |
| Increase in tuberculosis in the affected population: 3-fold in a camp for internally displaced persons (693/100,000) and 5-fold in an urban slum (1165/100,000) | [75] | ||
| Tuberculosis | [76] | ||
| 11/03/2011 | Tōhoku, Japan | 43% of cases-community pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae) | [89] |
| 20/04/2013 | Lushan, China | Respiratory tract infections | [90] |
| Respiratory infection (45.7%) | [91] | ||
| 15/10/2013 | Bohol, Philippines |
Acute respiratory infections | [92] |
| 476/3555 children: positive to tuberculin skin reaction–TST, 16 with active tuberculosis | [93] | ||
| 26/01/2014 03/02/2014 |
Cephalonia, Greece | Increase of respiratory infection cases | [79] |
| 25/04/2015 | Gorkha, Nepal | Pneumonia and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis: high incidence among children from affected areas | [98] |
| Upper respiratory tract infections | [95] | ||
| Infections of the respiratory tract (42.3%) | [96] | ||
| 1 case of tuberculous peritonitis (1 girl 14 years old with fever, abdominal pain and vomiting) | [99] | ||
| 14/04/2016, 16/04/2016 | Kumamoto, Japan |
Upper respiratory infections | [100] |