Table 4.
Vector-borne infectious diseases transmitted during the post-earthquake period in earthquake-affected areas.
| Εarthquake Occurrence (DD/MM/YYYY) |
Earthquake Affected Area |
Infectious Diseases (Causative Factors–Cases, Outbreaks, Epidemics) |
References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22/04/1991 | Limon, Costa Rica | Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) | [132] |
| 26/12/2003 | Bam, Iran | Cutaneous leishmaniasis (20,999 cases (1993–2012): 6731 before and 14,268 after the earthquake | [138] |
| Anthroponic cutaneous leishmaniasis: increase in annual incidence from 58.6 cases/100,000 in the 12 months before the earthquakes to 864 cases/100,000 in the following 12 months | [133] | ||
| Cutaneous leishmaniasis | [134,135,136,137] | ||
| 12/05/2008 | Sichuan, China | Visceral leishmaniasis | [139] |
| 12/01/2010 | Haiti | Suspected malaria (10.3%) | [72] |
| 11 laboratory-confirmed cases of P. falciparum malaria (7 US residents-emergency responders, 2 Haitians, 1 US traveler) | [73] | ||
| Malaria | [77] | ||
| P. falciparum malaria (76/255 patients) | [74] | ||
| 25/04/2015 | Gorkha, Nepal | Outbreak of scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi) | [140,141] |
| 16/04/2016 | Ecuador | Zika virus outbreak | [142,144,145] |
| Zika virus outbreak (89 cases in the pre-earthquake period-2103 in the post-earthquake period) | [143] |