Table 1.

Metabolites associated with conventional systemic markers of chronic disease risk in at least two independent observational studies.

Metabolite	Sources
Blood pressure
4-Hydroxyhippurate	Zheng et al.41,42
Androsterone sulfate	Zheng et al.41,42
Glutamine	Goïta et al.43, Le Wang et al.44
Isoleucine	Liu et al.45, Le Wang et al.44
Phenylalanine	Hao et al.46, Wawrzyniak et al.47, Goïta et al.43, Meyer et al.48, Øvrehus et al.49
Tryptophan	Liu et al.45, Le Wang et al.44
CRP
Betaine	Jutley et al.50, Pietzner et al.51
Glutamine	Jutley et al.50, Pietzner et al.51
Isoleucine	Jutley et al.50, Oluwagbemigun et al.52
Tryptophan	Jutley et al.50, Kosek et al.53, Oluwagbemigun et al.52

According to systematic search in PubMed. Metabolites without a match in our metabolites and those we did not replicated are available in Additional File S3.