Table 2:

Summary of knowledge of heterologous immunity.

Organism	Form of cross- reactivity	Evidence of cross-reactivity
Mus musculus	Two infections	LCMV-specific T cells proliferate in response to VV or Pichinde antigen148,149
	Virus and alloantigen	LCMV-, VV-, or VSV-specific T cells produce IFNγ in response to allogeneic MHC150,151 Prior infection with LCMV, VV, or VSV blocks skin graft tolerance induction150,151
Homo sapiens	Two infections	Memory flu-specific T cells can proliferate in response to EBV147,148,152-155
	Virus and alloantigen (healthy volunteers)	T cells specific to CMV, influenza, VZV proliferate in response to alloantigen152 Virus-specific T cell lines produce IFNγ in response to HLA153 Memory CD4 and CD8 T cells from healthy volunteers proliferate in response to alloantigen155
	Virus and alloantigen (transplant recipients)	T cells specific to CMV, VZV, EBV have been shown to react to HLA in transplant recipients156-161 These studies have not directly addressed rejection risk

Summary for mouse and human models, subdivided based on nature of heterologous challenge. References are listed for each individual point. This list is not intended to be exhaustive.